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1 <!DOCTYPE html>
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2 <html lang="en">
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3 <head>
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4 <meta charset="UTF-8">
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5 <title>SliTaz Scratchbook - Base Ncurses</title>
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6 <meta name="description" content="">
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7 <meta name="expires" content="never">
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8 <meta name="modified" content="2008-11-22 17:00:00">
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9 <meta name="publisher" content="www.slitaz.org">
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10 <meta name="author" content="Christophe Lincoln">
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11 <link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico">
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12 <link rel="stylesheet" href="book.css">
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13 </head>
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14 <body>
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15
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16 <!-- Header and quick navigation -->
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17 <div id="header">
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18 <div align="right" id="quicknav">
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19 <span id="top"></span>
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20 <a href="base-apps.html">Base apps</a> |
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21 <a href="index.html">Table of contents</a> |
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22 <a href="locale.html">Locale & i18n</a>
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23 </div>
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24 <h1><font color="#3E1220">SliTaz Scratchbook</font></h1>
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25 </div>
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26
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27 <!-- Content. -->
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28 <div id="content">
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29 <div class="content-right"></div>
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30
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31
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32 <h2><font color="#df8f06">Ncurses libraries and applications</font></h2>
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33 <p>
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34 Installation and configuration of ncurses libraries and applications.
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35 </p>
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36 <ul>
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37 <li><a href="#about">About the chapter.</a> - Description and environmental
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38 variable ($fs)</li>
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39 <li><a href="#ncurses">ncurses-5.6</a> - Utilities and libraries for terminal.</li>
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40 <li><a href="#clex">clex-3.16</a> - File manager.</li>
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41 <li><a href="#nano">nano-2.0.6</a> - Advanced text editor with colored syntax.</li>
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42 <li><a href="#retawq">retawq-0.2.6c</a> - Navigate the web in text
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43 mode using ncurses.</li>
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44 <li><a href="#htop">htop-0.6.5</a> - System process viewer.</li>
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45 <li><a href="#dialog">dialog-1.1-20070409</a> - GUI shell scripts.</li>
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46 <li><a href="#ninvaders">ninvaders-0.1.1</a> - Space Invaders clone.</li>
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47 <li><a href="#bastet">bastet-0.41</a> - Bastard Tetris clone.</li>
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48 <li><a href="#rhapsody">rhapsody-0.28b</a> - IRC chat client.</li>
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49 <li><a href="#initramfs-iso">Generate the initramfs and an ISO image.</a></li>
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50 </ul>
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51
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52 <h3 id="about">About</h3>
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53 <p>
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54 This chapter describes the construction and installation of some ncurses applications
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55 and libraries in SliTaz. The procedure consists of moving into the /src directory,
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56 downloading the sources for the application in question, unpacking, reading the README or
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57 INSTALL file(s), compiling and installing the binary in SliTaz. Once the applications
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58 are installed, we can create a new initramfs, copy it to the root of the CD-ROM and generate
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59 a new ISO image. For this you can also use <code>mktaziso</code> in
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60 <a href="http://doc.slitaz.org/en:cookbook:slitaztools">SliTaz tools</a>.
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61 </p>
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62 <h4>Assign an environment variable ($fs)</h4>
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63 <p>
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64 An environmental variable can't specify the path to the directory, just the name of the directory.
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65 We will affect a variable ‘$fs’ to indicate the path to the root filesystem
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66 (rootfs). To do this, we venture into the working directory SliTaz/, and type:
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67 </p>
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68 <pre> # export fs=$PWD/rootfs
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69 </pre>
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70 <p>
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71 To check:
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72 </p>
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73 <pre> # echo $fs
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74 </pre>
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75
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76 <h3 id="ncurses">ncurses-5.6 - Terminal utilities and libraries</h3>
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77 <p>
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78 ncurses (<a href="http://dickey.his.com/ncurses/">dickey.his.com/ncurses/</a>) contains
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79 functions to display text in different ways on the screen of a Linux terminal and also provides
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80 the terminfo file. Ncurses libraries are used among others by retawq, nano and some games.
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81 We install the libraries in /lib and the rest in /usr/bin with a small strip to clean the executables:
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82 </p>
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83 <pre> # cd src
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84 # wget ftp://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-5.6.tar.gz
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85 # tar xzf ncurses-5.6.tar.gz
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86 # cd ncurses-5.6
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87 # ./configure --prefix=/usr \
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88 --libdir=/lib --sysconfdir=/etc \
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89 --infodir=/usr/share/info --mandir=/usr/share/man \
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90 --with-shared --without-debug --without-ada
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91 # make
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92 # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install
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93 # strip -v _pkg/lib/*
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94 # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/*
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95 </pre>
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96 <p>
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97 Copy the libncurses library and some applications in SliTaz. The reset utility is used at the end of
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98 the rcS initialization script to remove the Linux logo. If you wish, you can copy the associated utilities
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99 (tic, tack, toe, etc), being careful not to delete the link to BusyBox:
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100 </p>
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101 <pre> # cp -a _pkg/lib/libncurses.so* $fs/lib
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102 # cp -ia _pkg/usr/bin/{clear,ncurses5-config,tset,reset} \
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103 $fs/usr/bin
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104 </pre>
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105 <p>
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106 Copy terminfo files, we only use a few files. If you want more, you can copy:
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107 </p>
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108 <pre> # mkdir -v $fs/usr/share/terminfo
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109 # mkdir -v $fs/usr/share/terminfo/{a,l,r,v,x}
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110 # cp _pkg/usr/share/terminfo/a/ansi \
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111 $fs/usr/share/terminfo/a
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112 # cp _pkg/usr/share/terminfo/l/linux \
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113 $fs/usr/share/terminfo/l
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114 # cp _pkg/usr/share/terminfo/r/rxvt \
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115 $fs/usr/share/terminfo/r
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116 # cp _pkg/usr/share/terminfo/x/{xterm,xterm-color,xterm-new,xterm-vt220} \
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117 $fs/usr/share/terminfo/x
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118 # cp _pkg/usr/share/terminfo/v/{vt100,vt102*} \
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119 $fs/usr/share/terminfo/v
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120 </pre>
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121 <p>
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122 Copy the tabset files:
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123 </p>
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124 <pre> # cp -a _pkg/usr/share/tabset $fs/usr/share
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125 </pre>
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126
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127 <h3 id="clex">clex-3.16 - File Manager</h3>
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128 <p>
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129 CLEX (<a href="http://www.clex.sk/">http://www.clex.sk/</a>) is a small ncurses file
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130 manager (160 KB). The configuration file (rc) is ~/clexrc; ~/.clexbm is used for
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131 bookmarks:
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132 </p>
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133 <pre> # cd ..
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134 # wget http://www.clex.sk/download/clex-3.16.tar.gz
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135 # tar xzf clex-3.16.tar.gz
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136 # cd clex-3.16
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137 # ./configure --prefix=/usr --infodir=/usr/share/info \
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138 --mandir=/usr/share/man
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139 # make
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140 # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install
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141 # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/clex
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142 </pre>
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143 <p>
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144 Install the clex binary in the rootfs of SliTaz:
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145 </p>
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146 <pre> # cp _pkg/usr/bin/clex $fs/usr/bin
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147 </pre>
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148 <h4>libs</h4>
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149 <p>
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150 If we execute the <code>ldd</code> command on clex, the following dependancies should be displayed:
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151 </p>
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152 <pre class="script"> libncurses.so.5 => /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0x40025000)
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153 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40064000)
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154 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)
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155 </pre>
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156
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157 <h3 id="nano">nano-2.0.6 - Advanced Text Editor</h3>
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158 <p>
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159 GNU nano (<a href="http://www.nano-editor.org/">www.nano-editor.org</a>) is a well known,
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160 fast, effective GNU/Linux text editor that supports colored syntax.
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161 This is the default text editor in SliTaz:
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162 </p>
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163 <pre> # cd ..
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164 # wget http://www.nano-editor.org/dist/v2.0/nano-2.0.6.tar.gz
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165 # tar xzf nano-2.0.6.tar.gz
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166 # cd nano-2.0.6
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167 # ./configure --enable-all --enable-extra --prefix=/usr \
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168 --infodir=/usr/share/info --mandir=/usr/share/man \
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169 --sysconfdir=/etc
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170 # make
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171 # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install
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172 # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/nano
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173 </pre>
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174 <p>
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175 Copy the nano binary and the rnano link in SliTaz:
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176 </p>
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177 <pre> # cp -a _pkg/usr/bin/* $fs/usr/bin
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178 </pre>
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179 <p>
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180 Copy the configuration files in _pkg/usr/share/nano to our rootfs:
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181 </p>
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182 <pre> # cp -a _pkg/usr/share/nano $fs/usr/share
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183 </pre>
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184 <h4>libs</h4>
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185 <p>
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186 If we execute the <code>ldd</code> command on nano, the following dependancies
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187 should be displayed:
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188 </p>
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189 <pre class="script"> libncurses.so.5 => /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0x40025000)
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190 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40064000)
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191 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)
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192 </pre>
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193 <h4>locale</h4>
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194 <p>
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195 About the language, you can copy the .mo files created when installing nano from
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196 /usr/share/locale/(fr,en,de,es,etc)/LC_MESSAGES to the rootfs. Example for the French language:
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197 </p>
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198 <pre> # cp -a _pkg/usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES $fs/usr/share/locale/fr
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199 </pre>
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200 <h4>Customize nano</h4>
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201 <p>
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202 You can customize nano via /etc/nanorc or ~/.nanorc for each user of the system. It's in
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203 this file that you can define the colors used by nano through the files in /usr/share/nano.
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204 You will find a broad example of this file in the archive of nano and
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205 <a href="http://doc.slitaz.org/en:cookbook:slitaztools">SliTaz tools</a>.
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206 </p>
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207 <p>
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208 For a system configuration file, you can copy the file in SliTaz tools to /etc in the rootfs:
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209 </p>
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210 <pre> # cd ..
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211 # cp -a slitaz-tools-1.1/etc/nanorc $fs/etc
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212 </pre>
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213
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214 <h3 id="retawq">retawq-0.2.6c - Text mode Web browser</h3>
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215 <p>
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216 retawq (<a href="http://retawq.sourceforge.net/">retawq.sourceforge.net</a>)
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217 is a small text-only web browser. We only flag a few useful options when configuring,
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218 retawq needs terminfo files, libncurses libraries and libthread:
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219 </p>
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220 <pre> # wget http://switch.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/retawq/retawq-0.2.6c.tar.gz
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221 # tar xzf retawq-0.2.6c.tar.gz
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222 # cd retawq-0.2.6c
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223 # ./configure --enable-i18n --enable-local-cgi --path-prefix=/usr \
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224 --path-doc=/usr/share/doc/retawq --path-man=/usr/share/man
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225 # make
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226 # strip -v retawq
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227 </pre>
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228 <p>
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229 Copy the retawq binary in SliTaz:
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230 </p>
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231 <pre> # cp retawq $fs/usr/bin
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232 </pre>
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233 <h4>libs</h4>
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234 <pre class="script"> libncurses.so.5 => /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0x40025000)
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235 libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x40064000)
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236 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40074000)
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237 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)
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238 </pre>
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239 <p>
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240 You can copy the lipthread library from your host system or use the minimum package
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241 glibc-2.3.6 distributed by SliTaz:
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242 </p>
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243 <pre> # cp -a /lib/libpthread* $fs/lib
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244 # strip --strip-unneeded $fs/lib/*
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245 </pre>
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246 <h4>locale</h4>
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247 <p>
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248 For language, you can copy the .mo files in /i18n of the retawq archive to
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249 /usr/share/locale/(fr,en,es,etc)/LC_MESSAGES. Example for the French language,
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250 renaming the file to retawq.mo:
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251 </p>
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252 <pre> # cp -v i18n/fr.mo $fs/usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/retawq.mo
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253 </pre>
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254 <h4>Customize retawq</h4>
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255 <p>
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256 To personalize retawq, you can use a ~/.retawq directory containing a config file.
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257 You can also save bookmarks (html) in the root directory of the user. You will find an
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258 examples/ in the archive of retawq (or SliTaz tools) containing a bookmarks.html
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259 page with a list of favorite web sites. You can also copy the docs (/documents) from retawq
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260 to /usr/share/doc/retawq.
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261 </p>
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262
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263 <h3 id="htop">htop-6.0.5 - System process viewer</h3>
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264 <p>
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265 htop (<a href="http://htop.sourceforge.net/">htop.sourceforge.net/</a>) is software
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266 that displays system processes using ncurses.
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267 </p>
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268 <p>
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269 Returning to the /src directory, download, unpack, configure, compile and clean (with strip):
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270 </p>
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271 <pre> # cd ..
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272 # wget http://switch.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/htop/htop-0.6.5.tar.gz
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273 # tar xzf htop-0.6.5.tar.gz
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274 # cd htop-0.6.5
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275 # ./configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man
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276 # make
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277 # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install
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278 # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/htop
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279 </pre>
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280 <p>
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281 Copy the htop binary in SliTaz:
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282 </p>
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283 <pre> # cp _pkg/usr/bin/htop $fs/usr/bin
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284 </pre>
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285 <p>
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286 You can still copy the htop icon found in: _pkg/usr/share/pixmaps.
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287 </p>
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288 <h4>libs</h4>
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289 <pre class="script"> libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0xb7f97000)
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290 libncurses.so.5 => /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0xb7f55000)
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291 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0xb7e20000)
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292 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xb7fc9000)
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293 </pre>
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294
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295 <h3 id="dialog">dialog-1.1.20070409 - GUI shell scripts</h3>
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296 <p>
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297 dialog (<a href="http://invisible-island.net/dialog/dialog.html">invisible-island.net/dialog/dialog.html</a>),
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298 is a utility to build GUI-based consoles:
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299 </p>
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300 <pre> # cd ..
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301 # wget ftp://invisible-island.net/dialog/dialog.tar.gz
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302 # tar xzf dialog.tar.gz
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303 # cd dialog-1.1-20070409
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304 # ./configure --enable-nls --with-ncurses --prefix=/usr \
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305 --sysconfdir=/etc --mandir=/usr/share/man
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306 # make
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307 # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install
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308 # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/dialog
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309 </pre>
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310 <p>
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311 Copy dialog binary in SliTaz:
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312 </p>
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313 <pre> # cp _pkg/usr/bin/dialog $fs/usr/bin
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314 </pre>
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315 <h4>libs</h4>
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316 <pre class="script"> libncurses.so.5 => /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0x40027000)
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317 libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0x40066000)
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318 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40089000)
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319 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)
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320 </pre>
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321 <h4>locale</h4>
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322 <p>
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323 You can install locale files if you wish:
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324 </p>
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325 <pre> # cp -a _pkg/usr/share/locale/fr $fs/usr/share/locale
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326 </pre>
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327 <p>
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328 The dialog configuration file is /etc/dialogrc and/or ~/.dialogrc for each user.
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329 There are also full examples of scripts in the /sample directory in the sources of dialog.
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330 </p>
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331
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332 <h3 id="ninvaders">Ninvaders-0.1.1 - Space Invaders clone</h3>
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333 <p>
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334 ninvaders (<a href="http://ninvaders.sourceforge.net/">http://ninvaders.sourceforge.net/</a>)
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335 is a clone of the popular Space Invaders game (46 KB). We begin by placing ourselves in the
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336 /src directory, then we download, untar, compile, clean using strip and copy the nInvaders binary
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337 in /usr/games of SliTaz:
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338 </p>
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339 <pre> # cd ..
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340 # wget http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/ninvaders/ninvaders-0.1.1.tar.gz
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341 # tar xzf ninvaders-0.1.1.tar.gz
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342 # cd ninvaders-0.1.1
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343 # make
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344 # strip -v nInvaders
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345 # cp nInvaders $fs/usr/games
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346 </pre>
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347
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348 <h3 id="bastet">bastet-0.41 - Bastard Tetris clone</h3>
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349 <p>
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350 A game of Tetris (17 KB):
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351 </p>
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352 <pre> # wget http://fph.altervista.org/prog/bastet-0.41.tgz
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353 # tar xzf bastet-0.41.tgz
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354 # cd bastet-0.41
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355 # make
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356 # strip bastet
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357 # cp bastet $fs/usr/games
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358 # mkdir -p $fs/var/games
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359 # touch $fs/var/games/bastet.scores
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360 # chmod 666 $fs/var/games/bastet.scores
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361 </pre>
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362
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363 <h3 id="rhapsody">rhapsody-0.28b - IRC chat client</h3>
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364 <p>
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365 Rhapsody (<a href="http://rhapsody.sourceforge.net/">http://rhapsody.sourceforge.net/</a>)
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366 is a fast and lightweight chat client supporting the IRC protocol. It provides a menu for
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367 managing servers, channels and configuration. It is therefore easy to use:
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368 </p>
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369 <pre> # cd ..
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370 # wget http://switch.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/rhapsody/rhapsody_0.28b.tgz
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371 # tar xzf rhapsody_0.28b.tgz
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372 # cd rhapsody-0.28b
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373 # ./configure -i /usr/bin -d /usr/share/doc/rhapsody
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374 # make
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375 # strip -v rhapsody
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paul@226
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376 </pre>
|
paul@226
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377 <p>
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378 Install the binary and help files in SliTaz. We must adjust permissions on
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379 these files so that everyone can read:
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380 </p>
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381 <pre> # cp rhapsody $fs/usr/bin
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382 # mkdir $fs/usr/share/doc/rhapsody
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383 # cp -a help $fs/usr/share/doc/rhapsody/help
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384 # chmod 644 $fs/usr/share/doc/rhapsody/help/*
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385 </pre>
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386 <h4>libs</h4>
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387 <p>
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388 Rhapsody uses the following libraries:
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389 </p>
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390 <pre class="script"> libncurses.so.5 => /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0x40026000)
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391 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40066000)
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392 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000))
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393 </pre>
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394 <h4>Rhapsody use the following libraries:</h4>
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395 <p>
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396 You can customize rhapsody via ~/.rhapsodyrc or use <Ctrl+T> for options:
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397 </p>
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398
|
al@1285
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399 <h3 id="initramfs-iso">Generate the initramfs and an ISO image</h3>
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400 <p>
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401 To create a new ISO image, you can use ‘mktaziso’ in SliTaz tools.
|
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402 Or you can create a new initramfs image, copy it to /boot in the root of the CD-ROM
|
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403 (rootcd) and finally generate an ISO image with genisoimage:
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404 </p>
|
paul@226
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405 <pre> # cd $fs
|
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406 # find . -print | cpio -o -H newc | gzip -9 > ../rootfs.gz
|
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|
407 # cd ..
|
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408 # cp rootfs.gz rootcd/boot
|
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409 # genisoimage -R -o slitaz-cooking.iso -b boot/isolinux/isolinux.bin \
|
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410 -c boot/isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \
|
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411 -V "SliTaz" -input-charset iso8859-1 -boot-info-table rootcd
|
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412 </pre>
|
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413 <h4>Following chapter</h4>
|
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414 <p>
|
paul@226
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415 The next chapter describes the installation of the
|
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416 <a href="locale.html">locales</a>
|
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417 and i18n.
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418 </p>
|
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419
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420
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421 <!-- End of content -->
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422 </div>
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423
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424 <!-- Footer. -->
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425 <div id="footer">
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426 <div class="footer-right"></div>
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427 <a href="#top">Top of the page</a> |
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428 <a href="index.html">Table of contents</a>
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429 </div>
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430
|
paul@226
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431 <div id="copy">
|
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432 Copyright © <span class="year"></span> <a href="http://www.slitaz.org/en/">SliTaz</a> -
|
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433 <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</a>;<br />
|
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434 Documentation is under
|
paul@226
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435 <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a>
|
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|
436 and code is <a href="http://validator.w3.org/">valid xHTML 1.0</a>.
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437 </div>
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438
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439 </body>
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440 </html>
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