website view en/doc/handbook/install.html @ rev 669
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| author | Pascal Bellard <pascal.bellard@slitaz.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Sat Oct 30 21:52:02 2010 +0200 (2010-10-30) |
| parents | 0e0bc81a63ee |
| children |
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5 <title>SliTaz - HD Installation</title>
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24 <h1><font color="#3E1220">SliTaz Handbook (en)</font></h1>
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28 <div id="content">
29 <div class="content-right"></div>
31 <h2><font color="#DF8F06">HD Installation</font></h2>
33 <ul>
34 <li><a href="install.html#intro">Introduction.</a></li>
35 <li><a href="install.html#installer">SliTaz Installer.</a></li>
36 <li><a href="install.html#byhand">Installation by hand.</a></li>
37 <li><a href="install.html#grub">GRUB bootloader.</a></li>
38 </ul>
40 <a name="intro"></a>
41 <h3>Introduction</h3>
42 <p>
43 This document gives information and necessary instructions on how to
44 install SliTaz on a hard disk. This should take about 10 minutes, SliTaz core
45 LiveCD expands to 80 Mb, so we suggest a minimum of 120 Mb of free space.
46 This way you will be able to install a few more packages. If you can
47 <a href="livecd.html">use the LiveCD</a>, you should be able to install SliTaz.
48 </p>
50 <a name="installer"></a>
51 <h3>SliTaz Installer</h3>
52 <p>
53 SliTaz provides a simple to use Installer which can be launched from the
54 "System Tools" menu. SliTaz 2.0 Installer messages are in English
55 and can be used with these complimentary instructions.
56 </p>
57 <h4>Install type</h4>
58 <p>
59 The first step lets you choose the type of installation: new install or system
60 upgrade. In most cases you will want a new and clean installation. On confirming this
61 the installer will mount the master cdrom device and search for the compressed
62 filesystem (<code>rootfs.gz</code>). If no filesystem is found, then the
63 installation will abort.
64 </p>
65 <p>
66 If you get into trouble because the compressed filesystem is not found, please
67 check that SliTaz is in the master CD/DVD device. If the problem persists you
68 can use a downloaded ISO image and mount it on <code>/media/cdrom</code> where
69 the HD Installer expects to find it:
70 </p>
71 <pre>
72 # mount -o loop slitaz-1.0.iso /media/cdrom
73 </pre>
74 <h4>Target partition</h4>
75 <p>
76 Second step is the partition configuration. If you already have a free partition
77 you can directly use it, if not you will have to create one graphically using
78 Gparted or from the command line with fdisk. For example if you want to install
79 SliTaz on the first partition of the first disk recognized as <code>hda</code>:
80 </p>
81 <pre class="script">/dev/hda1
82 </pre>
83 <h4>Formating</h4>
84 <p>
85 The next step lets you format the target partition into <code>ext3</code>. Ext3
86 is a robust, stable and journaled filesystem. If the partition is already
87 formated you can skip this step, if not just accept. <em>Warning</em> formating a
88 partition will destroy all current data.
89 </p>
90 <h4>Hostname</h4>
91 <p>
92 Hostname configuration lets you set the machine name. The hostname is used
93 internally to identify the host on the network. This value can be
94 changed after the system is installed.
95 </p>
96 <h4>Bootloader - GRUB</h4>
97 <p>
98 When the installation process is finished you have the option to install the GRUB
99 bootloader which is capable of booting almost any kind of operating system. If
100 you want to use an existing GRUB installation, skip this step and add the
101 correct lines to your GRUB configuration file (<code>menu.lst</code>). Note
102 that the SliTaz Installer creates a configuration file on the target which can be
103 used as an example (/mnt/target/boot/grub/menu.lst).
104 </p>
105 <h4>End of installation</h4>
106 <p>
107 When the Installer has finally done its job you have the option to exit or
108 directly reboot your new SliTaz GNU/Linux operating system. First boot is like
109 the LiveCD, you will be prompted for locale, keyboard, sound card and screen
110 selection. Future reboots will not prompt you anymore for configuration details,
111 but all the values can be changed either manually or with the project tools
112 such as <code>tazlocale</code> or <code>tazx</code>.
113 </p>
115 <a name="byhand"></a>
116 <h3>Installation by hand</h3>
117 <p>
118 SliTaz can also be installed by hand from the command line. To install SliTaz
119 by hand you can use a cdrom or an ISO image. The following commands can be
120 copied/pasted from Firefox to Xterm.
121 </p>
122 <p>
123 The first thing you have to do is prepare a target partition and mount it.
124 Example using partition <code>/dev/hda1</code>:
125 </p>
126 <pre>
127 # mkdir /mnt/target
128 # mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/target
129 </pre>
130 <h4>Mount cdrom or ISO image</h4>
131 <p>
132 Now you have to mount the cdrom:
133 </p>
134 <pre>
135 # mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
136 </pre>
137 <p>
138 Or an ISO image:
139 </p>
140 <pre>
141 # mount -o loop slitaz-1.0.iso /media/cdrom
142 </pre>
143 <h4>Install and extract</h4>
144 <p>
145 The goal now is to copy needed files from the media into the target partition
146 and then extract the compressed filesystem (<code>rootfs.gz</code>). Create a
147 boot directory and install the Linux Kernel:
148 </p>
149 <pre>
150 # mkdir /mnt/target/boot
151 # cp -a /media/cdrom/boot/vmlinuz-* /mnt/target/boot
152 </pre>
153 <p>
154 Copy the rootfs:
155 </p>
156 <pre>
157 # cp /media/cdrom/boot/rootfs.gz /mnt/target
158 </pre>
159 <p>
160 Now the necessary files are present so you can change (<code>cd</code>)
161 to the target directory and uncompress the filesystem with <code>lzma</code> and
162 <code>cpio</code>:
163 </p>
164 <pre>
165 # cd /mnt/target
166 # lzma d rootfs.gz -so | cpio -id
167 # rm rootfs.gz init
168 </pre>
169 <p>
170 That's all, SliTaz is installed. Before rebooting on your new SliTaz GNU/Linux
171 installation, please check that you have a bootloader (GRUB or Lilo) and add
172 the necessary lines to boot SliTaz.
173 </p>
175 <a name="grub"></a>
176 <h3>GRUB bootloader</h3>
177 <p>
178 GRUB is an universal bootloader capable of booting almost any operating system
179 such as Linux, BSD or Windows. GRUB uses a single configuration file named
180 <code>menu.lst</code>, if you used the <a href="install.html#installer">SliTaz Installer</a>
181 and installed GRUB you dont need to manually install GRUB, just reboot.
182 </p>
183 <p>
184 Installation of GRUB onto the mbr, using root directory <code>/mnt/target</code>
185 (the target mounted partition) and the disk named <code>hda</code>:
186 </p>
187 <pre>
188 # grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/target /dev/hda
189 </pre>
190 <p>
191 You can now create a GRUB configuration file and add the lines which will boot
192 SliTaz. Menu.lst can be edited with your favorite text editor such as Nano or
193 Leafpad:
194 </p>
195 <pre>
196 # leafpad /mnt/target/boot/grub/menu.lst
197 </pre>
198 <h4>/boot/grub/menu.lst - Example</h4>
199 <pre class="script">
200 title SliTaz GNU/Linux 1.0 (Kernel 2.6.25.5-slitaz)
201 root(hd0,0)
202 kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.25.5-slitaz root=/dev/hda1 vga=normal
203 </pre>
204 <p>
205 Verify again that everything is in place before rebooting:
206 </p>
207 <pre>
208 # reboot
209 </pre>
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