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| author | Paul Issott <paul@slitaz.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Thu Apr 23 19:03:08 2009 +0000 (2009-04-23) |
| parents | 3c4edaebb9b5 |
| children | e52a6a4c10a6 |
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5 <title>SliTaz - HD Installation</title>
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21 <a href="utilities.html">Utilities</a> |
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24 <h1><font color="#3E1220">SliTaz Handbook (en)</font></h1>
25 </div>
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28 <div id="content">
29 <div class="content-right"></div>
31 <h2><font color="#DF8F06">HD Installation</font></h2>
33 <ul>
34 <li><a href="#intro">Introduction.</a></li>
35 <li><a href="#installer">SliTaz Installer.</a></li>
36 <li><a href="#byhand">Installation by hand.</a></li>
37 <li><a href="#grub">GRUB bootloader.</a></li>
38 </ul>
40 <a name="intro"></a>
41 <h3>Introduction</h3>
42 <p>
43 This document gives information and necessary instructions on how to
44 install SliTaz on a hard disk. This should take about 10 minutes, SliTaz core
45 LiveCD expands to 80 Mb, so we suggest a minimum of 120 Mb of free space.
46 This way you will be able to install a few more packages. If you can
47 <a href="livecd.html">use the LiveCD</a>, you should be able to install SliTaz.
48 </p>
50 <a name="installer"></a>
51 <h3>SliTaz Installer</h3>
52 <p>
53 SliTaz provides a simple to use Installer which can be launched from the
54 "System Tools" menu. SliTaz 1.0 Installer messages are only available in French
55 and can be considered as an errata, but English speakers should be able to
56 manage to use it with these complimentary instructions.
57 </p>
58 <h4>Install type</h4>
59 <p>
60 The first step lets you choose the type of installation: new install or system
61 upgrade. In most cases you will want a new and clean installation. On confirming this
62 the installer will mount the master cdrom device and search for the compressed
63 filesystem (<code>rootfs.gz</code>). If no filesystem is found, then the
64 installation will abort.
65 </p>
66 <p>
67 If you get into trouble because the compressed filesystem is not found, please
68 check that SliTaz is in the master CD/DVD device. If the problem persists you
69 can use a downloaded ISO image and mount it on <code>/media/cdrom</code> where
70 the HD Installer expects to find it:
71 </p>
72 <pre>
73 # mount -o loop slitaz-1.0.iso /media/cdrom
74 </pre>
75 <h4>Target partition</h4>
76 <p>
77 Second step is the partition configuration. If you already have a free partition
78 you can directly use it, if not you will have to create one graphically using
79 Gparted or from the command line with fdisk. For example if you want to install
80 SliTaz on the first partition of the first disk recognized as <code>hda</code>:
81 </p>
82 <pre class="script">/dev/hda1
83 </pre>
84 <h4>Formating</h4>
85 <p>
86 The next step lets you format the target partition into <code>ext3</code>. Ext3
87 is a robust, stable and journaled filesystem. If the partition is already
88 formated you can skip this step, if not just accept. <em>Warning</em> formating a
89 partition will destroy all current data.
90 </p>
91 <h4>Hostname</h4>
92 <p>
93 Hostname configuration lets you set the machine name. The hostname is used
94 internally to identify the host on the network. This value can be
95 changed after the system is installed.
96 </p>
97 <h4>Bootloader - GRUB</h4>
98 <p>
99 When the installation process is finished you have the option to install the GRUB
100 bootloader which is capable of booting almost any kind of operating system. If
101 you want to use an existing GRUB installation, skip this step and add the
102 correct lines to your GRUB configuration file (<code>menu.lst</code>). Note
103 that the SliTaz Installer creates a configuration file on the target which can be
104 used as an example (/mnt/target/boot/grub/menu.lst).
105 </p>
106 <h4>End of installation</h4>
107 <p>
108 When the Installer has finally done its job, you have the option to exit or
109 directly reboot your new SliTaz GNU/Linux operating system. First boot is like
110 the LiveCD, you will be prompted for locale, keyboard, sound card and screen
111 selection. Future reboots will not prompt you anymore for configuration details,
112 but all the values can be changed either manually or with the project tools
113 such as <code>tazlocale</code> or <code>tazx</code>.
114 </p>
116 <a name="byhand"></a>
117 <h3>Installation by hand</h3>
118 <p>
119 SliTaz can also be installed by hand from the command line. To install SliTaz
120 by hand you can use a cdrom or an ISO image. The following commands can be
121 copied/pasted from Firefox to Xterm.
122 </p>
123 <p>
124 The first thing you have to do is prepare a target partition and mount it.
125 Example using partition <code>/dev/hda1</code>:
126 </p>
127 <pre>
128 # mkdir /mnt/target
129 # mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/target
130 </pre>
131 <h4>Mount cdrom or ISO image</h4>
132 <p>
133 Now you have to mount the cdrom:
134 </p>
135 <pre>
136 # mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
137 </pre>
138 <p>
139 Or an ISO image:
140 </p>
141 <pre>
142 # mount -o loop slitaz-1.0.iso /media/cdrom
143 </pre>
144 <h4>Install and extract</h4>
145 <p>
146 The goal now is to copy needed files from the media into the target partition
147 and then extract the compressed filesystem (<code>rootfs.gz</code>). Create a
148 boot directory and install the Linux Kernel:
149 </p>
150 <pre>
151 # mkdir /mnt/target/boot
152 # cp -a /media/cdrom/boot/vmlinuz-* /mnt/target/boot
153 </pre>
154 <p>
155 Copy the rootfs:
156 </p>
157 <pre>
158 # cp /media/cdrom/boot/rootfs.gz /mnt/target
159 </pre>
160 <p>
161 Now the necessary files are present so you can change (<code>cd</code>)
162 to the target directory and uncompress the filesystem with <code>lzma</code> and
163 <code>cpio</code>:
164 </p>
165 <pre>
166 # cd /mnt/target
167 # lzma d rootfs.gz -so | cpio -id
168 # rm rootfs.gz init
169 </pre>
170 <p>
171 That's all, SliTaz is installed. Before rebooting on your new SliTaz GNU/Linux
172 installation, please check that you have a bootloader (GRUB or Lilo) and add
173 the necessary lines to boot SliTaz.
174 </p>
176 <a name="grub"></a>
177 <h3>GRUB bootloader</h3>
178 <p>
179 GRUB is an universal bootloader capable of booting almost any operating system
180 such as Linux, BSD or Windows. GRUB uses a single configuration file named
181 <code>menu.lst</code>, if you used the <a href="#installer">SliTaz Installer</a>
182 and installed GRUB you dont need to manually install GRUB, just reboot.
183 </p>
184 <p>
185 Installation of GRUB onto the mbr, using root directory <code>/mnt/target</code>
186 (the target mounted partition) and the disk named <code>hda</code>:
187 </p>
188 <pre>
189 # grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/target /dev/hda
190 </pre>
191 <p>
192 You can now create a GRUB configuration file and add the lines which will boot
193 SliTaz. Menu.lst can be edited with your favorite text editor such as Nano or
194 Leafpad:
195 </p>
196 <pre>
197 # leafpad /mnt/target/boot/grub/menu.lst
198 </pre>
199 <h4>/boot/grub/menu.lst - Example</h4>
200 <pre class="script">
201 title SliTaz GNU/Linux 1.0 (Kernel 2.6.25.5-slitaz)
202 root(hd0,0)
203 kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.25.5-slitaz root=/dev/hda1 vga=normal
204 </pre>
205 <p>
206 Verify again that everything is in place before rebooting:
207 </p>
208 <pre>
209 # reboot
210 </pre>
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