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1 ====== PXE =======
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2
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3 The //Preboot eXecution Environment// (or //PXE//, pronounced 'pixie') is the process of booting a computer from a network connection. It is comparable to booting a LiveCD from a remote CD drive.
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4
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5 This network boot method requires:
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6
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7 * a server to store files running DHCP and TFTP (each could be on a separate server);
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8 * a client with a PXE boot-loader, stored in the BIOS firmware. It maybe disk-less.
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9
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10 \\
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11
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12 ===== PXE Server Set-Up =====
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13
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14 A PXE server comprises:
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15
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16 * a DHCP server to accept clients;
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17 * a DHCP boot-file to configure them;
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18 * a TFTP server to deliver an OS.
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19
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20 The SliTaz LiveCD can be used as a PXE server. To begin the process, launch the Netbox application (from the System Tools menu).
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21
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22 * From the //Static IP// tab, click //Start//.
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23 * This box will be the DHCP server. It can't use DHCP to get IP configuration.
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24
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25 <note tip>Since SliTaz 3.0 the Netbox application is now split into Netbox and Serverbox. If you are running a recent SliTaz version, please read **Serverbox application** instead of **Server tab** below</note>
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26
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27 * From the //Server// tab, select the //INETD// sub-tab and ensure the //tftpd// line is **uncommented** in /etc/initd.conf. This is the default behaviour. Click //Start//.
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28 * This will launch the TFTP server, which will deliver the SliTaz LiveCD across the network.
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29
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30 * From the //Server// tab, select the //PXE// sub-tab.
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31
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32 * Edit the configuration to add your boot options.
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33 * This will update the DHCP server configuration automatically.
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34
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35 * From the //Server// tab, select the //DHCP// sub-tab. Check the configuration aligns with your network. The previous step has added the lines //boot_file// and //siaddr//. Click //Start//.
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36 * This will launch the the DHCP server. If clients to do not receive an IP address, check this configuration.
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37
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38 * Ensure the files //bzImage// and //rootfs.gz// are stored in the // /boot // directory of the LiveCD.
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39
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40 \\
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41
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42 ===== PXE Client Set-Up =====
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43
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44 Most recent machines with on-board Ethernet have a PXE-capable BIOS. Look for this feature in BIOS menus and BIOS boot menu and ensure it is activated. It may require you press a key, such as F12, during the boot process.
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45
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46 If your computer does not support PXE booting, you can use SliTaz as a client instead. Create a bootable CD-ROM or floppy disk with the // Boot Floppy/CDROM // tool found in the //System Tools// menu.
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47
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48 In PXE Network tab click Write floppy. Use this to boot the client computer.
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49
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50 <note tip>Is your Ethernet card not recognised? See [[http://rom-o-matic.net/|ROM-O-Matic]]</note>
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51
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52 \\
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53
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54 ===== Web Booting =====
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55
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56 The SliTaz LiveCD has configuration settings to start your computer via the Internet. This is useful for using a newer version of SliTaz from older media.
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57
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58 You can start the automatic process with the following command at the SliTaz LiveCD boot-splash:
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59
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60 web
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61
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62 That's it!
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63
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64 You can find more information on using an Internet connection to boot your computer at the [[http://boot.slitaz.org/|SliTaz Web Boot home-page]].
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65
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66 You will need a DHCP server to get an IP address, netmask, gateway address, as per a normal network connection -- a standard home router should be sufficient for this.
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67
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68 \\
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69
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70 === PXE boot without DHCP server: Web Boot & Command Line ===
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71
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72 If you have no device that can function as a DHCP server, you need an IP address with a netmask, a gateway address and, optionally, a DNS address.
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73 <file>
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74 title Slitaz Web
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75 kernel /boot/gpxe ip=192.168.0.12/24 gw=192.168.0.1 dns=192.168.0.1 url=http://mirror.slitaz.org/pxe/pxelinux.0
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76 </file>
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77
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78 You can modify the URL thus:
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79 <file>
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80 title Slitaz Web
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81 kernel /boot/gpxe ip=192.168.0.12/24 gw=192.168.0.1 dns=192.168.0.1 url=ip=192.168.0.12/24 gw=192.168.0.1
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82 dns=192.168.0.1 url=http://mirror.slitaz.org/pxe/pxelinux.0
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83 </file>
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84
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85 Note that only the following keywords are recognised:
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86
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87 * ip=
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88 * gw=
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89 * dns=
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90 * url=
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91 * nodhcp (useful to avoid a DHCP timeout error)
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92
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93 \\
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94
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95 ===== Advanced Web Booting Configuration =====
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96
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97 The Web Booting process can be embedded into routers and other devices, as well as being customised.
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98
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99 \\
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100
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101 === Embedded Web Boot, with PXE boot PROM (PXE forwarder) ===
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102
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103 Configure a PXE server with http://download.tuxfamily.org/slitaz/boot/gpxe.pxe as the boot file, a 42Kb second stage loader. This was successfully tested with an [[http://openwrt.org/|OpenWRT]] router:
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104
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105 * install http://mirror.slitaz.org/boot/mips/tftpd (mips version) in /jffs/usr/sbin
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106 * install gpxe.exe in /jffs/boot
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107 * add dhcp bootfile option in dnsmasq config file
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108
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109 # echo "dhcp-boot=gpxe.pxe" >> /tmp/dnsmasq.conf
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110
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111 launch the tftp server for your lan (say 192.168.0.1/24)
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112
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113 # /jffs/usr/sbin/tftpd 192.168.0.1 /jffs/boot
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114
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115 \\
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116
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117 === Modifying the Default GPXE Web Boot URL ===
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118
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119 The URL is stored at offset 519 in 255 bytes max.
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120
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121 * Show the current URL with:
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122
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123 $ dd bs=1 skip=519 count=255 if=gpxe 2> /dev/null | strings
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124
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125 * Change the URL with:
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126
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127 $ echo -n "http://myurl.org/myboot" | cat - /dev/zero | dd conv=notrunc bs=1 seek=519 count=255 of=gpxe
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128
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129 * Change the URL and IP configuration with:
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130
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131 $ echo -n "ip=192.168.0.10/24 gw=192.168.0.1 dns=192.168.0.1 url=http://myurl.org/myboot" | cat - /dev/zero | dd
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132 conv=notrunc bs=1 seek=519 count=255 of=gpxe
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133
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134 * Remove URL to behave as a normal GPXE with:
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135
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136 $ dd if=/dev/zero conv=notrunc bs=1 seek=519 count=255 of=gpxe
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137
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138 \\
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139
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140 === Hack the gpxe.pxe Default Web Boot URL ===
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141
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142 The URL is stored at offset 5 in 255 bytes max.
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143
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144 Show the current URL with:
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145
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146 $ dd bs=1 skip=5 count=255 if=gpxe.pxe 2> /dev/null | strings
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147
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148 Change the URL with:
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149
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150 $ echo -n "http://myurl.org/myboot" | cat - /dev/zero | dd conv=notrunc bs=1 seek=5 count=255 of=gpxe.pxe
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151
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152 Remove the URL and behave as a normal //gpxe.pxe// with:
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153 $ dd if=/dev/zero conv=notrunc bs=1 seek=5 count=255 of=gpxe.pxe
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154
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155 \\
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156
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157 === Using Redundancy with Web Boot Servers ===
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158
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159 Comma separated URL lists are supported.
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160
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161 The PXE client will try to load the first URL. If the load fails, it will try the next URL, and so on.
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162
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163 Example with current Slitaz Web boot servers :
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164
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165 $ echo -n "http://mirror.slitaz.org/pxe/pxelinux.0,http://mirror.switch.ch/ftp/mirror/pxe/pxelinux.0,http:
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166 download.tuxfamily.org/slitaz/pxe/pxelinux.0" | cat - /dev/zero | dd conv=notrunc bs=1 seek=519 count=255 of=gpxe
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167
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168
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169 ----
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170 \\
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171 ^ Page Review Section ^^
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172 |Quality| Good |
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173 |Review| Minor Updates |
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174 |Priority| Medium |
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175 |Problems| add a [[http://forum.slitaz.org|forum post link]]|
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176 |::: | OR add a [[http://labs.slitaz.org/issues |lab issue tracker link ]]|
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177 |How to Improve| Improve readability |
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178 |::: | Section in to Client/Server, with Simple/Advanced in each |
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179 |::: | |
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180
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181 \\
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182 ---- |