slitaz-doc-wiki-data diff pages/en/guides/xorg-xvesa.txt @ rev 7
Add pages/en folder.
| author | Christopher Rogers <slaxemulator@gmail.com> |
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| date | Sat Feb 26 12:17:18 2011 +0000 (2011-02-26) |
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1.1 --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 1.2 +++ b/pages/en/guides/xorg-xvesa.txt Sat Feb 26 12:17:18 2011 +0000 1.3 @@ -0,0 +1,307 @@ 1.4 +====== Xorg & XVesa ====== 1.5 + 1.6 +By default, SliTaz v3 uses Xorg 7.4 with the //xorg-xf86-video-vesa// v2.0.0 driver. This basic driver can cause problems with certain hardware combinations and can sometimes result in a very low resolution. Occasionally, X does not start at all and instead falls back to the log-in screen or to a text-based prompt. There are some simple solutions that can yield major improvements: 1.7 + 1.8 + * check that you have enough RAM to run the default ISO. If not, use the [[http://mirror.slitaz.org/iso/3.0/flavors/|Low RAM ISO]] instead. 1.9 + * try the [[http://mirror.slitaz.org/iso/3.0/flavors/slitaz-3.0-xvesa.iso|XVesa ISO]] (a.k.a. TinyX) 1.10 + * install a more specific driver for your graphics card 1.11 + * customise your Xorg configuration file (//xorg.conf//) 1.12 + 1.13 +Good introductions to Xorg Configuration can be found at [[http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/x-config.html|The FreeBSD Handbook]] and [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Config|X Configuration from Ubuntu]]. 1.14 + 1.15 +<note tip> Up to v7.3, the Ctrl+Alt+Backspace key combination could be used to quit the X server. To enable it in version 7.4 and later, type the following command from any X terminal emulator: 1.16 + 1.17 +<code>setxkbmap -option terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp</code> 1.18 + 1.19 +</note> 1.20 + 1.21 +<note important> 1.22 +Throughout this page, commands preceeded with a hash sign (#) should be executed as the **root** user. This is best under a terminal window. Otherwise, the dollar symbol ($) denotes a regular (tux) user. 1.23 +</note> 1.24 + 1.25 + 1.26 +===== Using Xorg & Vendor-Specific Drivers ===== 1.27 + 1.28 +When you are using SliTaz as your main system, it's recommended to use Xorg over XVesa. You will get a much better display and performance than when using Xvesa tinyX. 1.29 + 1.30 + 1.31 +=== AGP Cards === 1.32 + 1.33 +All AGP video cards need extra kernel modules to function under Xorg. Check if you have an AGP video card with //lspci//; if so, install the necessary modules in the //linux-agp// package before using Xorg: 1.34 + 1.35 +<code> 1.36 +# tazpkg get-install linux-agp 1.37 +</code> 1.38 + 1.39 +Load the modules using the SliTaz hardware detection tool: 1.40 + 1.41 +<code># tazhw detect-pci</code> 1.42 + 1.43 +You can now use the SliTaz X configuration tool to detect your settings: 1.44 + 1.45 +<code># tazx</code> 1.46 + 1.47 +Select the appropriate driver for your video card from the list. 1.48 + 1.49 + 1.50 +=== DRI / DRM Problem === 1.51 + 1.52 +Sometimes, the auto-detection is not enough. Cards that require [[http://www.bitwiz.org.uk/s/how-dri-and-drm-work.html|DRI / DRM]] are supported under SliTaz, but v3 has a couple of bugs! The file ///dev/dri// should be a directory and not a file and, to get DRI working correctly, we have to add tux to the group video or modify permissions in the Xorg configuration file: 1.53 + 1.54 +<code> 1.55 +# tazpkg get-install linux-drm 1.56 +# tazpkg get-install mesa-demos (for glxinfo and glxgears) 1.57 +# rm /dev/dri 1.58 +# mkdir /dev/dri/ 1.59 +# addgroup tux video 1.60 +</code> 1.61 + 1.62 +The //drm// module is not loaded by //tazhw// so you have to do it manually: 1.63 +<code># modprobe drm</code> 1.64 + 1.65 +<note tip>All modules, which are loaded by tazhw and yourself to make your changes permanent, have to be added to the SliTaz Control Box under Initialization in "Load Modules". </note> 1.66 + 1.67 + 1.68 +=== Intel cards === 1.69 + 1.70 +The xorg-xf86-video-vesa 2.0.0 driver has a lot of trouble with Intel chips. For example, on a 82945GM chipset it does not display 1280x1024 and 1024x768, but 1600x1200 is not a problem. 1.71 + 1.72 +Use "tazx" to select the intel driver, then "tazhw detect-pci", solve the dri problem and load drm and restart X - normally that's it (perhaps you must change your xorg.conf too). 1.73 + 1.74 +Some users may need to add the "intel_agp" module to the xorg.conf file: 1.75 + 1.76 +<file> 1.77 +Section "Module" 1.78 + ... 1.79 + Load "intel_agp" 1.80 + ... 1.81 +EndSection 1.82 +</file> 1.83 + 1.84 +for the driver to work. 1.85 + 1.86 +Depending on the hardware, the //mode-setting// feature must be turned on or off. To turn it off append one of the following to the //kernel// line in the GRUB boot-loader configuration: 1.87 + 1.88 + * //nomodeset// 1.89 + * //i810.modeset=0// 1.90 + * //i915.modeset=0// 1.91 + 1.92 +If mode-setting is off by default and should instead be turned on, append one of the following: 1.93 + 1.94 + * //modeset// 1.95 + * //i810.modeset=1// 1.96 + * //i915.modeset=1// 1.97 + 1.98 +=== Trident cards === 1.99 + 1.100 +Use "tazx" to select the trident driver, install mesa-dri-trident 1.101 +<code># tazpkg get-install mesa-dri-trident</code>and restart X 1.102 + 1.103 + 1.104 +=== nVidia cards === 1.105 + 1.106 +SliTaz provides automatic configuration for nVidia cards. There are two drivers available, the Xorg-provided //[[#free-driver-nv|nv]]// and the nVidia-provided, non-free //[[#non-free-driver-nvidia|nvidia]]//. The //nv// driver should be tried first as this has been compiled for SliTaz, whereas the nVidia-supplied driver is a //binary blob// that tries to fit each and every Linux distribution. 1.107 +\\ 1.108 + 1.109 +== Free Driver (nv) == 1.110 + 1.111 +To set-up the free nVidia drivers, use the SliTaz Hardware Configuration tool: 1.112 +<code># tazhw setup nvidia </code> 1.113 + 1.114 +Alternatively, you can do this process manually: 1.115 + * Download the following packages: 1.116 + * mesa, mesa-demos, linux-agp, xorg-xf86-video-nv 1.117 +<code># tazpkg get-install xorg-xf86-video-nv 1.118 +# tazpkg get-install mesa 1.119 +# tazpkg get-install mesa-demos 1.120 +# tazpkg get-install linux-agp</code> 1.121 + 1.122 + * Load the kernel modules 1.123 +<code># tazhw detect-pci</code> 1.124 + 1.125 + * Replace the standard //vesa// driver with //nv// 1.126 +<code># sed -i 's/vesa/nv/' /etc/X11/xorg.conf 1.127 +</code> 1.128 + 1.129 +== Non-Free Driver (nvidia) == 1.130 + 1.131 +To set-up the non-free nVidia drivers, use the SliTaz Hardware Configuration tool with the //--non-free// switch: 1.132 +<code># tazhw setup nvidia --non-free </code> 1.133 + 1.134 +Alternatively, you can do this process manually: 1.135 + * Download the following packages: 1.136 + * mesa mesa-demos linux-agp nvidia 1.137 +<code># tazpkg get-install nvidia 1.138 +# tazpkg get-install mesa 1.139 +# tazpkg get-install mesa-demos 1.140 +# tazpkg get-install linux-agp</code> 1.141 + 1.142 + * Load the kernel modules 1.143 +<code># tazhw detect-pci</code> 1.144 + 1.145 + * Attempt to configure the card with nVidia's tool: 1.146 +<code># nvidia-xconfig</code> 1.147 + * To test if rendering is working, 1.148 +<code># glxinfo | grep render</code> 1.149 + * To change nVidia's settings, use nVidia's Settings tool: 1.150 +<code># nvidia-settings</code> 1.151 + 1.152 +== Hiding the Logo == 1.153 +To hide the nVidia logo when the system boots, add the following to ///etc/X11/xorg.conf// at the end of the //Device// section: 1.154 +<file>Option "NoLogo" "True"</file> 1.155 + 1.156 + 1.157 +=== ATI cards === 1.158 + 1.159 +SliTaz provides automatic configuration for ATI cards. There are two drivers available, the Xorg-provided //[[#free-driver-radeon|radeon]]// and the ATI-provided, non-free //[[#non-free-driver-catalyst|catalyst]]//. The //ati// driver should be tried first as this has been compiled for SliTaz, whereas the ATI-supplied driver is a //binary blob// that tries to fit each and every Linux distribution. 1.160 +\\ 1.161 + 1.162 +== Free Driver (radeon) == 1.163 + 1.164 +To set-up the free ATI drivers, install the AGP & DRM modules, then use the SliTaz Hardware Configuration tool: 1.165 + 1.166 +<code># tazpkg get-install linux-agp 1.167 +# tazpkg get-install linux-drm 1.168 +# tazhw setup ati</code> 1.169 + 1.170 +- but perhaps this is not enough - check /var/log/Xorg.0.log to see if other modules must be loaded: See [[#dri-drm-problem | DRI / DRM Problem ]] 1.171 + 1.172 +Alternatively, you can do this process manually: 1.173 + * Download the following packages: 1.174 + * xorg-xf86-video-ati mesa-dri-ati mesa-demos linux-agp 1.175 +<code># tazpkg get-install xorg-xf86-video-ati 1.176 +# tazpkg get-install mesa-dri-ati 1.177 +# tazpkg get-install mesa-demos 1.178 +# tazpkg get-install linux-agp 1.179 +# tazpkg get-install linux-drm</code> 1.180 + 1.181 + * Load the kernel modules 1.182 +<code># tazhw detect-pci</code> 1.183 + 1.184 + * To install the free ATI driver radeon, replace //vesa// with //radeon// in the ///etc/X11/xorg.conf// file: 1.185 +<code># sed -i 's/vesa/radeon/' /etc/X11/xorg.conf</code> 1.186 + 1.187 + 1.188 +== Non-Free Driver (catalyst) == 1.189 + 1.190 +To set-up the non-free ATI drivers, use the SliTaz Hardware Configuration tool with the //--non-free// switch: 1.191 +<code># tazhw setup ati --non-free </code> 1.192 + 1.193 + 1.194 +=== Modifying the Xorg Configuration === 1.195 + 1.196 +Normally Xorg will start successfully, but perhaps not with the correct resolution. See the [[#adding-resolutions|tips]] at the end of this page or sometimes search the Internet for the xorg.conf for your card and your monitor - or use another LiveCD and copy the working configuration file to SliTaz. 1.197 + 1.198 + 1.199 +===== Configuring X ===== 1.200 + 1.201 +While X will do it's bets to auto-configure itself for your graphics card set-up, sometimes it needs a tweak. Its configuration file, ///etc/X11/xorg.conf//, is the place to customise the configuration. The best example of this is switching drivers or adding resolutions it doesn't detect. 1.202 + 1.203 + 1.204 +=== Adding Resolutions === 1.205 +1. Include //HorizSync// and //VertRefresh// (refresh timings) in the //Monitor// section: 1.206 + 1.207 +<file> 1.208 +Section "Monitor" 1.209 + Identifier "Monitor0" 1.210 + VendorName "Monitor Vendor" 1.211 + ModelName "Monitor Model" 1.212 + HorizSync 28-64 1.213 + VertRefresh 60 1.214 +EndSection 1.215 +</file> 1.216 + 1.217 +2. Include a //DefaultDepth// in the //Screen// section: 1.218 + 1.219 +<file> 1.220 +Section "Screen" 1.221 + Identifier "Screen0" 1.222 + Device "Card0" 1.223 + Monitor "Monitor0" 1.224 +** DefaultDepth 24 ** 1.225 +</file> 1.226 + 1.227 +3. Add an extra //Mode// to the line in the //Display// sub-section: 1.228 + 1.229 +<file> 1.230 + SubSection "Display" 1.231 + Viewport 0 0 1.232 + Depth 24 1.233 + Modes "1024x768" "800x600" 1.234 + EndSubSection 1.235 +</file> 1.236 + 1.237 +4. Also, add the default Font paths in the //Files// section: 1.238 + 1.239 +<file> 1.240 +Section "Files" 1.241 + ModulePath "/usr/lib/X11/modules" 1.242 + FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc/" 1.243 + FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/TTF/" 1.244 + FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/OTF" 1.245 + FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1/" 1.246 + FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/" 1.247 + FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/" 1.248 + FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/ttf-dejavu" 1.249 +EndSection 1.250 +</file> 1.251 + 1.252 + * If you have DRI/DRM enabled, it may be easier to change its permission so all users can use it, rather than adding each to the //video// group. Append the following section: 1.253 + 1.254 +<file> 1.255 +Section "DRI" 1.256 + Mode 0666 1.257 +EndSection 1.258 +</file> 1.259 + 1.260 + 1.261 +<note tip>You can use xrandr to identify your monitor(s). This utility is in the //xorg-xrandr// package: 1.262 + 1.263 +<code># tazpkg get-install xorg-xrandr</code> 1.264 + 1.265 +See the [[http://wiki.debian.org/XStrikeForce/HowToRandR12|Debian RandR 1.2 Wiki]] for more information. 1.266 +</note> 1.267 + 1.268 + 1.269 +=== Restarting Xorg === 1.270 + 1.271 +For changes to take effect, you need to restart Xorg. This can be done by logging out of your session and back in again. Choose //Logout// from the Menu and select the //Logout X session// button. If you see the Slim log-in manager, Xorg has restarted successfully! 1.272 + 1.273 + 1.274 +===== Using XVesa and Generic Drivers (TinyX) ===== 1.275 + 1.276 +The [[http://mirror.slitaz.org/iso/3.0/flavors/slitaz-3.0-xvesa.iso|SliTaz-3.0-xvesa.iso]] uses the XVesa system instead of Xorg, which offers a more generic driver at the cost of performance. It boots on nearly all computers and laptops, but can only display a 4:3 resolution. 1.277 + 1.278 +To find out which resolutions are possible with your card, type: 1.279 + 1.280 +<code># Xvesa -listmodes</code> 1.281 + 1.282 +Here's a selection of resolutions for an example Intel Atom Board: 1.283 + 1.284 +<code>VBE version 3.0 (Intel(r) 82945GM Chipset Family Graphics Chip Accelerated VGA BIOS) 1.285 +DAC is switchable, controller is VGA compatible, RAMDAC causes snow 1.286 +Total memory: 7872 kilobytes 1.287 +0x015A: 1600x1200x24 TrueColor [8:8:8:8] 1.288 +0x011B: 1280x1024x24 TrueColor [8:8:8:8] 1.289 +0x0118: 1024x768x24 TrueColor [8:8:8:8] 1.290 +0x0112: 640x480x24 TrueColor [8:8:8:8] 1.291 +0x0115: 800x600x24 TrueColor [8:8:8:8]</code> 1.292 + 1.293 +This output shows widescreen resolutions cannot be displayed with XVesa. 1.294 + 1.295 +If X does not start with the default SliTaz ISO, you could use the XVesa ISO to install your default Xorg driver. When you are asked for your resolution at boot-time, scroll down the window and find the option to install your Xorg driver //before// XVesa is started. However, don't use "tazx" and "tazhw setup ati or nv" on the XVesa ISO to install your Xorg driver because you will end up with a blank and confused screen! 1.296 + 1.297 + 1.298 +---- 1.299 +\\ 1.300 +^ Page Review Section ^^ 1.301 +|Quality| Good | 1.302 +|Review| Minor Updates | 1.303 +|Priority| Medium | 1.304 +|Problems| add a [[http://forum.slitaz.org|forum post link]]| 1.305 +|::: | OR add a [[http://labs.slitaz.org/issues |lab issue tracker link ]]| 1.306 +|How to Improve| Extra config. for other cards? | 1.307 +|::: | More details on or references to xorg.conf | 1.308 + 1.309 +\\ 1.310 +---- 1.311 \ No newline at end of file