website diff en/doc/handbook/desktop.html @ rev 327
en: Update Hdbk (V2)
| author | Paul Issott <paul@slitaz.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed Mar 25 12:51:05 2009 +0000 (2009-03-25) |
| parents | aaae78c15e2a |
| children | 181e51e86dd6 |
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1.1 --- a/en/doc/handbook/desktop.html Wed Sep 17 20:49:14 2008 +0000 1.2 +++ b/en/doc/handbook/desktop.html Wed Mar 25 12:51:05 2009 +0000 1.3 @@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ 1.4 <head> 1.5 <title>SliTaz Handbook (en) - Desktop</title> 1.6 <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" /> 1.7 - <meta name="description" content="slitaz English handbook" /> 1.8 + <meta name="description" content="openbox slitaz desktop obconf" /> 1.9 <meta name="expires" content="never" /> 1.10 - <meta name="modified" content="2008-02-26 18:30:00" /> 1.11 + <meta name="modified" content="2009-03-25 10:30:00" /> 1.12 <meta name="publisher" content="www.slitaz.org" /> 1.13 <meta name="author" content="Christophe Lincoln, Paul Issott"/> 1.14 <link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" /> 1.15 @@ -31,188 +31,171 @@ 1.16 <h2><font color="#DF8F06">SliTaz Desktop</font></h2> 1.17 1.18 <ul> 1.19 - <li><a href="#intro">Introduction.</a></li> 1.20 - <li><a href="#jwm">JWM.</a></li> 1.21 - <li><a href="#lxpanel">LXPanel.</a></li> 1.22 - <li><a href="x-window.html#openbox">Openbox.</a></li> 1.23 - <li><a href="enlightenment.html">Enlightenment.</a></li> 1.24 + <li><a href="#intro">Introduction.</a></li> 1.25 + <li><a href="#openbox">Openbox.</a></li> 1.26 + <li><a href="#config">Configure Openbox.</a></li> 1.27 + <li><a href="#themes">Themes.</a></li> 1.28 + <li><a href="#menu">Context Menu.</a></li> 1.29 + <li><a href="#autostart">Applications started automatically.</a></li> 1.30 + <li><a href="#bg-icons">Wallpaper and icons.</a></li> 1.31 + <li><a href="#lxpanel">LXPanel.</a></li> 1.32 + <li><a href="#effects">Visual effects.</a></li> 1.33 </ul> 1.34 1.35 <a name="intro"></a> 1.36 <h3>Introduction</h3> 1.37 <p> 1.38 -The default SliTaz desktop is brought to you by many different components. 1.39 -JWM (Joe's Window Manager) and LXPanel combine to provide a Desktop providing 1.40 -simplicity and functionality. 1.41 +The default SliTaz desktop is brought to you using different components 1.42 +of the LXDE project. Openbox, PCmanFM and LXPanel combine to provide a 1.43 +Desktop providing simplicity and functionality. 1.44 </p> 1.45 1.46 -<a name="jwm"></a> 1.47 -<h3>JWM - Joe's Window Manager</h3> 1.48 +<a name="openbox"></a> 1.49 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">Openbox</font></h3> 1.50 <p> 1.51 -Joe's window manager, written in C is quick, simple, clean, stable and efficient. 1.52 -JWM proposes a taskbar, a menu of icons and a 1.53 -pager for the management of virtual desktops. The taskbar can also act as a dock. 1.54 -In addition it is easily configurable with a single text file that can 1.55 -change the menu, fonts and their sizes, and different colors. 1.56 +Openbox is a fast, simple, themeable window manager that doesn't 1.57 +consume all your system resources, it is the window manager 1.58 +by default on SliTaz. A window manager is an application that runs 1.59 +on top of the X server to control the appearance of windows, open 1.60 +a X terminal or display applications. It can then place, cut and 1.61 +resize windows at will. 1.62 +</p> 1.63 +<p> 1.64 +Openbox provides a context menu via a right click on the desktop, 1.65 +this menu can be changed by editing a configuration file. The key 1.66 +combinations <code>ALT + TAB</code> allow you to list and navigate 1.67 +through open windows. Obconf can be used to graphically configure 1.68 +the window manager and various small tools specific to SliTaz allow 1.69 +you to have a simple, stylish and coherent desktop. By default, 1.70 +SliTaz uses 4 virtual desktops. 1.71 +</p> 1.72 +<p> 1.73 +The Desktop provided by SliTaz complies with the Freedesktop standards, the 1.74 +file manager PCmanFM allows for management of desktop icons, drag and drop 1.75 +(drag and drop) and the mounting of devices with a click. 1.76 +The panel menu, taskbar, icons, etc are powered by LXpanel. 1.77 </p> 1.78 1.79 -<h4>Use and configure JWM</h4> 1.80 +<a name="config"></a> 1.81 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">Configuring Openbox</font></h3> 1.82 <p> 1.83 -The application of Joe's Window Manager is very fast. To view the menu just 1.84 -click somewhere on the desktop. You can resize a window through the edges or 1.85 -corners, minimize or pass a virtual desktop to another via a pager. You 1.86 -also have configurable keyboard shortcuts for faster access to the applications 1.87 -that you often use. On SliTaz the system configuration file is 1.88 -<code>/etc/jwm/system.jwmrc</code>. Apart from this file, each user can use 1.89 -its own configuration file hidden in <code>~/.jwmrc</code>. This is a text file using XML 1.90 -syntax, it can edited with a simple text editor - lines beginning with: 1.91 -<code><!--</code> are comments that let you understand what each tag does. 1.92 +Most options can be configured graphically using the Obconf utility 1.93 +located in the "Preferences" menu. The configuration file can also 1.94 +be modified using your favorite text editor, this is located in your 1.95 +home directory <code>~/.config/openbox/rc.xml</code> and is a XML file. 1.96 +The keyboard shortcuts are defined in the <keyboard> section of the 1.97 +configuration file. 1.98 +</p> 1.99 + 1.100 +<a name="themes"></a> 1.101 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">Themes</font></h3> 1.102 +<p> 1.103 +Openbox supports themes through a single file using syntax specific to the 1.104 +window manager. Several default themes are provided, they can be selected 1.105 +via Obconf and are found in <code>/usr/share/themes</code>. Each system user 1.106 +can install their own themes in the directory <code>~/.themes</code> either 1.107 +manually or via Obconf. If you want to create your own themes for SliTaz, 1.108 +then the easiest way is to copy and rename an existing theme and then 1.109 +edit the file <code>themerc</code>. Optional themes can also use images for 1.110 +buttons, icons, etc. These images can be created or modified via an image 1.111 +editor such as the Gimp or mtpaint. 1.112 </p> 1.113 <p> 1.114 -To facilitate the customization of the desktop, SliTaz automatically copies 1.115 -at the launch of the first (graphical) session, a system configuration file to 1.116 -the root directory of the user. You can directly modify this file and test 1.117 -without risk. To edit with your favorite text editor: 1.118 +On the Internet you will find many more themes created by the Openbox community. 1.119 +More information can be found on the official Openbox 1.120 +<a href="http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Openbox:Themes">website</a>. 1.121 </p> 1.122 -<pre> 1.123 - $ geany $HOME/.jwmrc & 1.124 + 1.125 +<a name="menu"></a> 1.126 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">Context Menu</font></h3> 1.127 +<p> 1.128 +The menu is in the file <code>~/.config/openbox/menu.xml</code>, the syntax 1.129 +of the XML file is simple and easy to understand. It also possible to edit 1.130 +this file with <code>obmenu</code> (not installed by default). Add an 1.131 +example for an application in a sub menu: 1.132 +</p> 1.133 +<pre class="script"><item label="File Manager"> 1.134 + <action name="Execute"><command>pcmanfm</command></action> 1.135 +</item> 1.136 </pre> 1.137 <p> 1.138 -To retrieve an original configuration file, you can copy the system configuration 1.139 -file and rename it <code>.jwmrc</code> in your home directory: 1.140 -</p> 1.141 -<pre> 1.142 - $ cp /etc/jwm/system.jwmrc $HOME/.jwmrc 1.143 -</pre> 1.144 -<p> 1.145 -The tag <code>RootMenu</code> corresponds to the menu displayed by clicking on one of the 1.146 -(three) buttons on the mouse. To add a category, you must use the tag: <code>Menu</code> 1.147 - - this contains entries for various programs. Any entry in the JWM menu can 1.148 -fit on one line. Example using the GQview image management application: 1.149 -</p> 1.150 -<pre class="script"> 1.151 -<Program icon="gqview.png" label="GQview">gqview</Program> 1.152 -</pre> 1.153 -<p> 1.154 -There are still many opportunities to configure <code>RootMenu</code> according to the 1.155 -mouse buttons; the choice of method to move windows, create groups, etc. 1.156 -The Manual is available online at the official website of the project. To view 1.157 -a list of command-line options, just type <code>jwm -h</code> in a terminal. 1.158 +The subumenus are defined at the end of the file using the <code>menu</code> 1.159 +tag. The tag menu can use a <em>pipe</em> to display the menu entries, 1.160 +ie. a script that creates entries on the fly. SliTaz offers by default 1.161 +a <em>pipe menu</em> that allows you to directly open your Favorites folder 1.162 +with the file manager PCmanFM. The script is in <code>/usr/lib/openbox</code> 1.163 +and can be used as an example. 1.164 </p> 1.165 1.166 -<h4>Create your own JWM style</h4> 1.167 +<a name="autostart"></a> 1.168 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">Applications started automatically</font></h3> 1.169 <p> 1.170 -Creating your own graphical style with JWM is relatively quick 1.171 -and easy, the tags are clear and the attributes possible 1.172 -are given in the comments. When preparing your work, you can 1.173 -see your amendments by restarting the window manager from the 1.174 -menu or via the <code>jwm -restart</code> command. In the configuration 1.175 -file, style tags start after the <!-- Visual Styles --> comment. To 1.176 -begin, here is a short list of the main style tags with a short 1.177 -description: 1.178 -</p> 1.179 -<ul> 1.180 - <li><code>Background</code> manages the wallpaper. This tag supports the 1.181 - <code>solid</code>, <code>gradient</code>, <code>image</code> or <code>tile</code> 1.182 - attributes, to respectively:- use a solid color, create a gradient, 1.183 - display a resized image or tile an image.</li> 1.184 - 1.185 - <li><code>BorderStyle</code> controls the windows border.</li> 1.186 - 1.187 - <li><code>TrayStyle</code> controls a taskbar. The taskbar may, among other 1.188 - things be automatically hidden or only fill a part of the 1.189 - screen with the <code>width</code> attribute.</li> 1.190 - 1.191 - <li><code>TrayListStyle</code> controls the style of the list of open windows 1.192 - on the current desktop.</li> 1.193 - 1.194 - <li><code>PagerStyle</code> controls the pager displaying different virtual 1.195 - desktops (4 by default).</li> 1.196 - 1.197 - <li><code>MenuStyle</code> defines the menu style.</li> 1.198 - 1.199 - <li>The icons are defined by the <code>IconPath</code> tag, you can use your 1.200 - own personal icons by specifing the full path to the directory 1.201 - that contains them. Note that you can specify more than 1.202 - one path, if you want, you can use your own icons <em>and</em> those 1.203 - contained in the <code>/usr/share/pixmaps</code> and <code>/usr/share/icons</code> 1.204 - system directories. SliTaz uses the Tango theme icons: 1.205 - <a href="http://tango.freedesktop.org/">tango.freedesktop.org</a> 1.206 - for the menu, they are 16x16 and are stored in 1.207 - <code>/usr/share/icons/Tango</code>. You can add, edit, delete 1.208 - these... If you want to install new icons in your user 1.209 - space, we advise you to use <code>~/Picture/Icons</code> (set as default) 1.210 - or a hidden directory <code>~/.Icons</code>.</li> 1.211 -</ul> 1.212 -<p> 1.213 -The colors can be defined by their name or RGB number, such 1.214 -as <code>#3A4956</code>. To use colors in their gradient mode, you must 1.215 -specify the two colors separated by a colon, example 1.216 -<code>#6C0023:#3E1220</code>. You can change fonts and their sizes by 1.217 -using the <code>Font</code> tag. There are still some small things that 1.218 -you can change to customize your desktop, such as the name 1.219 -of a menu item and its icon. Before restarting JWM with your 1.220 -new configuration file, you can check its syntax by using 1.221 -the command: <code>jwm -p</code>. To explore further, the official 1.222 -handbook describes all the tags, options and valid attributes. 1.223 -You can view it online at the JWM website. 1.224 +When starting in graphical mode, Openbox allows many applications to start 1.225 +automatically via the <code>~/.config/Openbox/autostart.sh</code> script. 1.226 +By default, using this script, SliTaz starts the file manager PCmanFM for the 1.227 +management of screen and desktop icons, the panel (LXpanel) for the menu, 1.228 +and dbus and Ivman for the management of devices or media such as USB keys. 1.229 +To add or remove applications launched at startup of the session, you can edit 1.230 +the script or use the small SliTaz GUI located in the menu "Preferences" → 1.231 +"Auto started applications": 1.232 </p> 1.233 1.234 -<h4>JWM website</h4> 1.235 -<ul> 1.236 - <li><a href="http://www.joewing.net/programs/jwm/" 1.237 - >www.joewing.net/programs/jwm/</a> - The official website of 1.238 - Joe's Window Manager, providing news and a comprehensive manual.</li> 1.239 - <li>#jwm on irc.freenode.net - The JWM IRC discussion channel on 1.240 - Freenode server.</li> 1.241 -</ul> 1.242 +<img 1.243 + src="images/screenshots/desktopbox-autostart.png" 1.244 + alt="desktopbox autostart" 1.245 + style="width: 552px; height: 267px;" /> 1.246 + 1.247 +<a name="bg-icons"></a> 1.248 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">Wallpaper and icons using PCmanFM</font></h3> 1.249 +<p> 1.250 +Openbox doesn't manage the screen natively, you can use 1.251 +an external tool, this allow more freedom of choice. The default desktop 1.252 +on SliTaz uses the file manager PCmanFM to display pictures as wallpaper 1.253 +and have desktop icons. Alternatively, you can use the package 1.254 +<code>hsetroot</code> to display a picture or <code>xsetroot</code> for 1.255 +a solid color. PCmanFM is started with the Openbox session as a daemon; 1.256 +ie, it runs in the background and launches faster. To change the current 1.257 +background image, you can go through the file manager preferences or 1.258 +"Preferences" menu → "Wallpaper". 1.259 +</p> 1.260 +<p> 1.261 +The icons are displayed via a simple text file (<code>.desktop</code>), 1.262 +following the Freedesktop standards, you can create your own or customize 1.263 +using your favorite text editor. To add icons to the desktop, SliTaz provides 1.264 +a tiny graphical <em>box</em> accessible via the menu "Preferences" → 1.265 +Desktop icons or alternatively, you can use the Openbox context menu 1.266 +"Desktop files & Icons" → "Add new icon": 1.267 +</p> 1.268 + 1.269 +<img 1.270 + src="images/screenshots/desktopbox-add-icons.png" 1.271 + alt="desktopbox add-icons" 1.272 + style="width: 432px; height: 314px;" /> 1.273 1.274 <a name="lxpanel"></a> 1.275 <h3>LXPanel</h3> 1.276 <p> 1.277 -LXPanel is part of the LXDE project and follows the Freedesktop standards. Menus 1.278 -are dynamically generated by adding <code>.desktop</code> files to the 1.279 -<code>/usr/share/applications</code> directory. 1.280 -</p> 1.281 -<h4>*.desktop files</h4> 1.282 -<p> 1.283 -A single .desktop file 1.284 -can contain eight lines with respectively:- 1.285 -the name (<code>Name</code>), generic name, comment, the command to 1.286 -execute (<code>Exec</code>), icon, type and Freedesktop categories. 1.287 -Example of a .desktop file: 1.288 -</p> 1.289 -<pre class="script">[Desktop Entry] 1.290 -Name=XTerm 1.291 -GenericName=Terminal 1.292 -Comment=Run commands in a shell 1.293 -Exec=xterm -bg black -fg white -cr orange -sb -bd violet -rightbar 1.294 -Icon=xterm.png 1.295 -Type=Application 1.296 -Categories=Utility;Terminal; 1.297 -</pre> 1.298 -<p> 1.299 -Note that the icons are located in the <code>/usr/share/icons</code> or 1.300 -<code>/usr/share/pixmaps</code> directory. The <code>Categories</code> 1.301 -entry states where the program will sit in the menu. 1.302 +LXPanel forms part of the LXDE project and handles the taskbar, menus, 1.303 +icons etc. Menus are dynamically generated by adding <code>.desktop</code> 1.304 +files to the <code>/usr/share/applications</code> directory. 1.305 </p> 1.306 <p> 1.307 The system configuration file is located in <code>/etc/lxpanel</code> 1.308 and can also be stored locally in <code>~/.config</code>, though it is 1.309 recommended that you configure LXPanel graphically by using the 1.310 -preferences entry in the main menu. 1.311 +"Panel Settings" entry on the taskbar. 1.312 </p> 1.313 1.314 -<h4>LXPanel configurator</h4> 1.315 +<h4>Panel Preferences</h4> 1.316 <p> 1.317 The LXPanel configurator has 3 tabs:- 1.318 </p> 1.319 <ul> 1.320 <li><code>General</code> handles the position, size - either dynamic 1.321 or fixed, panel background and properties.</li> 1.322 - <li><code>Plugins</code> lets you add, remove, edit and move plugins 1.323 - around on the panel.</li> 1.324 - <li><code>Applications</code> allows you to set preferred applications 1.325 + <li><code>Panel Applets</code> lets you add, remove, edit and move 1.326 + plugins around on the panel.</li> 1.327 + <li><code>Advanced</code> allows you to set preferred applications 1.328 like the file manager, terminal and logout command.</li> 1.329 </ul> 1.330 <p> 1.331 @@ -220,6 +203,17 @@ 1.332 <a href="http://lxde.org/">here</a>. 1.333 </p> 1.334 1.335 +<a name="effects"></a> 1.336 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">Visual effects</font></h3> 1.337 +<p> 1.338 +SliTaz provides several tiny tools to give effects to the Openbox windows 1.339 +and menus. You can have transparent windows or use shadows to create 1.340 +depth on the Desktop. The effects are achieved via <code>xcompmgr</code> 1.341 +(<em>composite manager</em>) and <code>transset-df</code> 1.342 +(<em>transparency</em>) and can be both activated at the same time on the 1.343 +session using the Openbox context menu → "Desktop Effects". 1.344 +</p> 1.345 + 1.346 <!-- End of content --> 1.347 </div> 1.348 1.349 @@ -231,7 +225,7 @@ 1.350 </div> 1.351 1.352 <div id="copy"> 1.353 - Copyright © 2008 <a href="http://www.slitaz.org/en/">SliTaz</a> - 1.354 + Copyright © 2009 <a href="http://www.slitaz.org/en/">SliTaz</a> - 1.355 <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</a>;<br /> 1.356 Documentation is under 1.357 <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a>