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1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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2 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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3 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
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4 <head>
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5 <title>SliTaz Scratchbook - Base Ncurses</title>
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6 <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" />
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7 <meta name="description" content="" />
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8 <meta name="expires" content="never" />
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9 <meta name="modified" content="2008-11-22 17:00:00" />
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10 <meta name="publisher" content="www.slitaz.org" />
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11 <meta name="author" content="Christophe Lincoln"/>
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12 <link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" />
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13 <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="book.css" />
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14 </head>
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15 <body bgcolor="#ffffff">
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16
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17 <!-- Header and quick navigation -->
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18 <div id="header">
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19 <div align="right" id="quicknav">
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20 <a name="top"></a>
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21 <a href="base-apps.html">Base apps</a> |
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22 <a href="index.html">Table of contents</a> |
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23 <a href="locale.html">Locale & i18n</a>
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24 </div>
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25 <h1><font color="#3E1220">SliTaz Scratchbook</font></h1>
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26 </div>
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27
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28 <!-- Content. -->
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29 <div id="content">
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30 <div class="content-right"></div>
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31
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32
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33 <h2><font color="#df8f06">Ncurses libraries and applications</font></h2>
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34 <p>
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35 Installation and configuration of ncurses libraries and applications.
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36 </p>
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37 <ul>
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38 <li><a href="#about">About the chapter.</a> - Description and environmental
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39 variable ($fs)</li>
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40 <li><a href="#ncurses">ncurses-5.6</a> - Utilities and libraries for terminal.</li>
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41 <li><a href="#clex">clex-3.16</a> - File manager.</li>
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42 <li><a href="#nano">nano-2.0.6</a> - Advanced text editor with colored syntax.</li>
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43 <li><a href="#retawq">retawq-0.2.6c</a> - Navigate the web in text
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44 mode using ncurses.</li>
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45 <li><a href="#htop">htop-0.6.5</a> - System process viewer.</li>
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46 <li><a href="#dialog">dialog-1.1-20070409</a> - GUI shell scripts.</li>
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47 <li><a href="#ninvaders">ninvaders-0.1.1</a> - Space Invaders clone.</li>
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48 <li><a href="#bastet">bastet-0.41</a> - Bastard Tetris clone.</li>
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49 <li><a href="#rhapsody">rhapsody-0.28b</a> - IRC chat client.</li>
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50 <li><a href="#initramfs-iso">Generate the initramfs and an ISO image.</a></li>
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51 </ul>
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52 <a name="about"></a>
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53 <h3><font color="#6c0023">About</font></h3>
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54 <p>
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55 This chapter describes the construction and installation of some ncurses applications
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56 and libraries in SliTaz. The procedure consists of moving into the /src directory,
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57 downloading the sources for the application in question, unpacking, reading the README or
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58 INSTALL file(s), compiling and installing the binary in SliTaz. Once the applications
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59 are installed, we can create a new initramfs, copy it to the root of the cdrom and generate
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60 a new ISO image. For this you can also use <code>mktaziso</code> in
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61 <a href="http://www.slitaz.org/en/doc/cookbook/slitaz-tools.html">SliTaz tools</a>.
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62 </p>
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63 <h4>Assign an environment variable ($fs)</h4>
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64 <p>
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65 An environmental variable can't specify the path to the directory, just the name of the directory.
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66 We will affect a variable '$fs' to indicate the path to the root filesystem
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67 (rootfs). To do this, we venture into the working directory SliTaz/, and type:
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68 </p>
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69 <pre> # export fs=$PWD/rootfs
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70 </pre>
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71 <p>
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72 To check:
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73 </p>
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74 <pre> # echo $fs
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75 </pre>
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76 <a name="ncurses"></a>
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77 <h3><font color="#6c0023">ncurses-5.6 - Terminal utilities and libraries</font></h3>
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78 <p>
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79 ncurses (<a href="http://dickey.his.com/ncurses/">dickey.his.com/ncurses/</a>) contains
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80 functions to display text in different ways on the screen of a Linux terminal and also provides
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81 the terminfo file. Ncurses libraries are used among others by retawq, nano and some games.
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82 We install the libraries in /lib and the rest in /usr/bin with a small strip to clean the executables:
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83 </p>
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84 <pre> # cd src
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85 # wget ftp://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-5.6.tar.gz
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86 # tar xzf ncurses-5.6.tar.gz
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87 # cd ncurses-5.6
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88 # ./configure --prefix=/usr \
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89 --libdir=/lib --sysconfdir=/etc \
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90 --infodir=/usr/share/info --mandir=/usr/share/man \
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91 --with-shared --without-debug --without-ada
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92 # make
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93 # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install
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94 # strip -v _pkg/lib/*
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95 # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/*
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96 </pre>
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97 <p>
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98 Copy the libncurses library and some applications in SliTaz. The reset utility is used at the end of
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99 the rcS initialization script to remove the Linux logo. If you wish, you can copy the associated utilities
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100 (tic, tack, toe, etc), being careful not to delete the link to BusyBox:
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101 </p>
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102 <pre> # cp -a _pkg/lib/libncurses.so* $fs/lib
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103 # cp -ia _pkg/usr/bin/{clear,ncurses5-config,tset,reset} \
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104 $fs/usr/bin
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105 </pre>
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106 <p>
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107 Copy terminfo files, we only use a few files. If you want more, you can copy:
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108 </p>
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109 <pre> # mkdir -v $fs/usr/share/terminfo
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110 # mkdir -v $fs/usr/share/terminfo/{a,l,r,v,x}
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111 # cp _pkg/usr/share/terminfo/a/ansi \
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112 $fs/usr/share/terminfo/a
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113 # cp _pkg/usr/share/terminfo/l/linux \
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114 $fs/usr/share/terminfo/l
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115 # cp _pkg/usr/share/terminfo/r/rxvt \
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116 $fs/usr/share/terminfo/r
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117 # cp _pkg/usr/share/terminfo/x/{xterm,xterm-color,xterm-new,xterm-vt220} \
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118 $fs/usr/share/terminfo/x
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119 # cp _pkg/usr/share/terminfo/v/{vt100,vt102*} \
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120 $fs/usr/share/terminfo/v
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121 </pre>
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122 <p>
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123 Copy the tabset files:
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124 </p>
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125 <pre> # cp -a _pkg/usr/share/tabset $fs/usr/share
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126 </pre>
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127 <a name="clex"></a>
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128 <h3><font color="#6c0023">clex-3.16 - File Manager</font></h3>
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129 <p>
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130 CLEX (<a href="http://www.clex.sk/">http://www.clex.sk/</a>) is a small ncurses file
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131 manager (160 KB). The configuration file (rc) is ~/clexrc; ~/.clexbm is used for
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132 bookmarks:
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133 </p>
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134 <pre> # cd ..
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135 # wget http://www.clex.sk/download/clex-3.16.tar.gz
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136 # tar xzf clex-3.16.tar.gz
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137 # cd clex-3.16
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138 # ./configure --prefix=/usr --infodir=/usr/share/info \
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139 --mandir=/usr/share/man
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140 # make
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141 # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install
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142 # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/clex
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143 </pre>
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144 <p>
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145 Install the clex binary in the rootfs of SliTaz:
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146 </p>
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147 <pre> # cp _pkg/usr/bin/clex $fs/usr/bin
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148 </pre>
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149 <h4>libs</h4>
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150 <p>
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151 If we execute the <code>ldd</code> command on clex, the following dependancies should be displayed:
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152 </p>
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153 <pre class="script"> libncurses.so.5 => /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0x40025000)
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154 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40064000)
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155 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)
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156 </pre>
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157 <a name="nano"></a>
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158 <h3><font color="#6c0023">nano-2.0.6 - Advanced Text Editor</font></h3>
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159 <p>
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160 GNU nano (<a href="http://www.nano-editor.org/">www.nano-editor.org</a>) is a well known,
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161 fast, effective GNU/Linux text editor that supports colored syntax.
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162 This is the default text editor in SliTaz:
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163 </p>
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164 <pre> # cd ..
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165 # wget http://www.nano-editor.org/dist/v2.0/nano-2.0.6.tar.gz
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166 # tar xzf nano-2.0.6.tar.gz
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167 # cd nano-2.0.6
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168 # ./configure --enable-all --enable-extra --prefix=/usr \
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169 --infodir=/usr/share/info --mandir=/usr/share/man \
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170 --sysconfdir=/etc
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171 # make
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172 # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install
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173 # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/nano
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174 </pre>
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175 <p>
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176 Copy the nano binary and the rnano link in SliTaz:
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177 </p>
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178 <pre> # cp -a _pkg/usr/bin/* $fs/usr/bin
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179 </pre>
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180 <p>
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181 Copy the configuration files in _pkg/usr/share/nano to our rootfs:
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182 </p>
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183 <pre> # cp -a _pkg/usr/share/nano $fs/usr/share
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184 </pre>
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185 <h4>libs</h4>
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186 <p>
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187 If we execute the <code>ldd</code> command on nano, the following dependancies
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188 should be displayed:
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189 </p>
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190 <pre class="script"> libncurses.so.5 => /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0x40025000)
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191 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40064000)
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192 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)
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193 </pre>
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194 <h4>locale</h4>
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195 <p>
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196 About the language, you can copy the .mo files created when installing nano from
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197 /usr/share/locale/(fr,en,de,es,etc)/LC_MESSAGES to the rootfs. Example for the French language:
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198 </p>
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199 <pre> # cp -a _pkg/usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES $fs/usr/share/locale/fr
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200 </pre>
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201 <h4>Customize nano</h4>
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202 <p>
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203 You can customize nano via /etc/nanorc or ~/.nanorc for each user of the system. It's in
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204 this file that you can define the colors used by nano through the files in /usr/share/nano.
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205 You will find a broad example of this file in the archive of nano and
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206 <a href="http://www.slitaz.org/en/doc/cookbook/slitaz-tools.html">SliTaz tools</a>.
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207 </p>
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208 <p>
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209 For a system configuration file, you can copy the file in SliTaz tools to /etc in the rootfs:
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210 </p>
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211 <pre> # cd ..
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212 # cp -a slitaz-tools-1.1/etc/nanorc $fs/etc
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213 </pre>
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214 <a name="retawq"></a>
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215 <h3><font color="#6c0023">retawq-0.2.6c - Text mode Web browser</font></h3>
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216 <p>
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217 retawq (<a href="http://retawq.sourceforge.net/">retawq.sourceforge.net</a>)
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218 is a small text-only web browser. We only flag a few useful options when configuring,
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219 retawq needs terminfo files, libncurses libraries and libthread:
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220 </p>
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221 <pre> # wget http://switch.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/retawq/retawq-0.2.6c.tar.gz
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222 # tar xzf retawq-0.2.6c.tar.gz
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223 # cd retawq-0.2.6c
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224 # ./configure --enable-i18n --enable-local-cgi --path-prefix=/usr \
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225 --path-doc=/usr/share/doc/retawq --path-man=/usr/share/man
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226 # make
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227 # strip -v retawq
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228 </pre>
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229 <p>
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230 Copy the retawq binary in SliTaz:
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231 </p>
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232 <pre> # cp retawq $fs/usr/bin
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233 </pre>
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234 <h4>libs</h4>
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235 <pre class="script"> libncurses.so.5 => /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0x40025000)
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236 libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x40064000)
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237 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40074000)
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238 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)
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239 </pre>
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240 <p>
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241 You can copy the lipthread library from your host system or use the minimum package
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242 glibc-2.3.6 distributed by SliTaz:
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243 </p>
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244 <pre> # cp -a /lib/libpthread* $fs/lib
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245 # strip --strip-unneeded $fs/lib/*
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246 </pre>
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247 <h4>locale</h4>
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248 <p>
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249 For language, you can copy the .mo files in /i18n of the retawq archive to
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250 /usr/share/locale/(fr,en,es,etc)/LC_MESSAGES. Example for the French language,
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251 renaming the file to retawq.mo:
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252 </p>
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253 <pre> # cp -v i18n/fr.mo $fs/usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/retawq.mo
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254 </pre>
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255 <h4>Customize retawq</h4>
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256 <p>
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257 To personalize retawq, you can use a ~/.retawq directory containing a config file.
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258 You can also save bookmarks (html) in the root directory of the user. You will find an
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259 examples/ in the archive of retawq (or SliTaz tools) containing a bookmarks.html
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260 page with a list of favorite web sites. You can also copy the docs (/documents) from retawq
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261 to /usr/share/doc/retawq.
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262 </p>
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263 <a name="htop"></a>
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264 <h3><font color="#6c0023">htop-6.0.5 - System process viewer</font></h3>
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265 <p>
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266
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267 htop (<a href="http://htop.sourceforge.net/">htop.sourceforge.net/</a>) is software
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268 that displays system processes using ncurses.
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269 </p>
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270 <p>
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271 Returning to the /src directory, download, unpack, configure, compile and clean (with strip):
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272 </p>
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273 <pre> # cd ..
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274 # wget http://switch.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/htop/htop-0.6.5.tar.gz
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275 # tar xzf htop-0.6.5.tar.gz
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276 # cd htop-0.6.5
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277 # ./configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man
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278 # make
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279 # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install
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280 # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/htop
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281 </pre>
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282 <p>
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283 Copy the htop binary in SliTaz:
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284 </p>
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285 <pre> # cp _pkg/usr/bin/htop $fs/usr/bin
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286 </pre>
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287 <p>
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288 You can still copy the htop icon found in: _pkg/usr/share/pixmaps.
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289 </p>
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290 <h4>libs</h4>
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291 <pre class="script"> libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0xb7f97000)
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292 libncurses.so.5 => /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0xb7f55000)
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293 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0xb7e20000)
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294 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xb7fc9000)
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295 </pre>
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296 <a name="dialog"></a>
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297 <h3><font color="#6c0023">dialog-1.1.20070409 - GUI shell scripts</font></h3>
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298 <p>
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299
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300 dialog (<a href="http://invisible-island.net/dialog/dialog.html">invisible-island.net/dialog/dialog.html</a>),
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301 is a utility to build GUI-based consoles:
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302 </p>
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303 <pre> # cd ..
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304 # wget ftp://invisible-island.net/dialog/dialog.tar.gz
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305 # tar xzf dialog.tar.gz
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306 # cd dialog-1.1-20070409
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307 # ./configure --enable-nls --with-ncurses --prefix=/usr \
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308 --sysconfdir=/etc --mandir=/usr/share/man
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309 # make
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310 # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install
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311 # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/dialog
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312 </pre>
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313 <p>
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314 Copy dialog binary in SliTaz:
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315 </p>
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316 <pre> # cp _pkg/usr/bin/dialog $fs/usr/bin
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317 </pre>
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318 <h4>libs</h4>
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319 <pre class="script"> libncurses.so.5 => /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0x40027000)
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320 libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0x40066000)
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321 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40089000)
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322 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)
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323 </pre>
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324 <h4>locale</h4>
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325 <p>
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326 You can install locale files if you wish:
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327 </p>
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328 <pre> # cp -a _pkg/usr/share/locale/fr $fs/usr/share/locale
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329 </pre>
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330 <p>
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331 The dialog configuration file is /etc/dialogrc and/or ~/.dialogrc for each user.
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332 There are also full examples of scripts in the /sample directory in the sources of dialog.
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333 </p>
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334 <a name="ninvaders"></a>
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335 <h3><font color="#6c0023">Ninvaders-0.1.1 - Space Invaders clone</font></h3>
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336 <p>
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337
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338 ninvaders (<a href="http://ninvaders.sourceforge.net/">http://ninvaders.sourceforge.net/</a>)
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339 is a clone of the popular Space Invaders game (46 KB). We begin by placing ourselves in the
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340 /src directory, then we download, untar, compile, clean using strip and copy the nInvaders binary
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341 in /usr/games of SliTaz:
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342 </p>
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343 <pre> # cd ..
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344 # wget http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/ninvaders/ninvaders-0.1.1.tar.gz
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345 # tar xzf ninvaders-0.1.1.tar.gz
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346 # cd ninvaders-0.1.1
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347 # make
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348 # strip -v nInvaders
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349 # cp nInvaders $fs/usr/games
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350 </pre>
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351 <a name="bastet"></a>
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352 <h3><font color="#6c0023">bastet-0.41 - Bastard Tetris clone</font></h3>
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353 <p>
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354 A game of Tetris (17 KB):
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355 </p>
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356 <pre> # wget http://fph.altervista.org/prog/bastet-0.41.tgz
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357 # tar xzf bastet-0.41.tgz
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358 # cd bastet-0.41
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359 # make
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360 # strip bastet
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361 # cp bastet $fs/usr/games
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362 # mkdir -p $fs/var/games
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363 # touch $fs/var/games/bastet.scores
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364 # chmod 666 $fs/var/games/bastet.scores
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365 </pre>
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366 <a name="rhapsody"></a>
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367 <h3><font color="#6c0023">rhapsody-0.28b - IRC chat client</font></h3>
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368 <p>
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369 Rhapsody (<a href="http://rhapsody.sourceforge.net/">http://rhapsody.sourceforge.net/</a>)
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370 is a fast and lightweight chat client supporting the IRC protocol. It provides a menu for
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371 managing servers, channels and configuration. It is therefore easy to use:
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372 </p>
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373 <pre> # cd ..
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374 # wget http://switch.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/rhapsody/rhapsody_0.28b.tgz
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375 # tar xzf rhapsody_0.28b.tgz
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376 # cd rhapsody-0.28b
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377 # ./configure -i /usr/bin -d /usr/share/doc/rhapsody
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378 # make
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379 # strip -v rhapsody
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380 </pre>
|
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381 <p>
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382 Install the binary and help files in SliTaz. We must adjust permissions on
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383 these files so that everyone can read:
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384 </p>
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385 <pre> # cp rhapsody $fs/usr/bin
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386 # mkdir $fs/usr/share/doc/rhapsody
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387 # cp -a help $fs/usr/share/doc/rhapsody/help
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388 # chmod 644 $fs/usr/share/doc/rhapsody/help/*
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389 </pre>
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390 <h4>libs</h4>
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391 <p>
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392 Rhapsody uses the following libraries:
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393 </p>
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394 <pre class="script"> libncurses.so.5 => /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0x40026000)
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395 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40066000)
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396 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000))
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397 </pre>
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398 <h4>Rhapsody use the following libraries:</h4>
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399 <p>
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400 You can customize rhapsody via ~/.rhapsodyrc or use <Ctrl+T> for options:
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401 </p>
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402 <a name="initramfs-iso"></a>
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403 <h3><font color="#6c0023">Generate the initramfs and an ISO image</font></h3>
|
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404 <p>
|
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405 To create a new ISO image, you can use 'mktaziso' in SliTaz tools.
|
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406 Or you can create a new initramfs image, copy it to /boot in the root of the cdrom
|
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407 (rootcd) and finally generate an ISO image with genisoimage:
|
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408 </p>
|
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409 <pre> # cd $fs
|
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410 # find . -print | cpio -o -H newc | gzip -9 > ../rootfs.gz
|
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411 # cd ..
|
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412 # cp rootfs.gz rootcd/boot
|
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413 # genisoimage -R -o slitaz-cooking.iso -b boot/isolinux/isolinux.bin \
|
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414 -c boot/isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \
|
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415 -V "SliTaz" -input-charset iso8859-1 -boot-info-table rootcd
|
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416 </pre>
|
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417 <h4>Following chapter</h4>
|
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418 <p>
|
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419 The next chapter describes the installation of the
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420 <a href="locale.html">locales</a>
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421 and i18n.
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422 </p>
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423
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424
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425 <!-- End of content -->
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426 </div>
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427
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428 <!-- Footer. -->
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429 <div id="footer">
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430 <div class="footer-right"></div>
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431 <a href="#top">Top of the page</a> |
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432 <a href="index.html">Table of contents</a>
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433 </div>
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434
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435 <div id="copy">
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436 Copyright © 2008 <a href="http://www.slitaz.org/en/">SliTaz</a> -
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437 <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</a>;<br />
|
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438 Documentation is under
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439 <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a>
|
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|
440 and code is <a href="http://validator.w3.org/">valid xHTML 1.0</a>.
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441 </div>
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442
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443 </body>
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444 </html>
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