website annotate en/doc/scratchbook/boot-scripts.html @ rev 1006
en: full iconv'ed to utf-8; locale: add russian links, remove links to the same page; tiny edits
| author | Aleksej Bobylev <al.bobylev@gmail.com> |
|---|---|
| date | Thu Mar 29 01:59:45 2012 +0300 (2012-03-29) |
| parents | 2120105cc07b |
| children | 0dedd51426ac |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
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| paul@226 | 5 <title>SliTaz Scratchbook - Boot Scripts</title> |
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| paul@226 | 21 <a href="locale.html">Locale & i18n</a> | |
| paul@226 | 22 <a href="index.html">Table of contents</a> | |
| paul@226 | 23 <a href="x-window-system.html">X window system</a> |
| paul@226 | 24 </div> |
| paul@226 | 25 <h1><font color="#3E1220">SliTaz Scratchbook</font></h1> |
| paul@226 | 26 </div> |
| paul@226 | 27 |
| paul@226 | 28 <!-- Content. --> |
| paul@226 | 29 <div id="content"> |
| paul@226 | 30 <div class="content-right"></div> |
| paul@226 | 31 |
| paul@226 | 32 <h2><font color="#df8f06">Boot scripts</font></h2> |
| paul@226 | 33 <p> |
| paul@226 | 34 The startup and shutdown scripts with their configuration files. |
| paul@226 | 35 </p> |
| paul@226 | 36 |
| paul@226 | 37 <ul> |
| al@1006 | 38 <li><a href="#intro">SliTaz and startup.</a></li> |
| al@1006 | 39 <li><a href="#init.d">/etc/init.d/*</a> - Directory of scripts and daemons.</li> |
| al@1006 | 40 <li><a href="#rcS">/etc/init.d/rcS</a> - Primary initialization script.</li> |
| al@1006 | 41 <li><a href="#rc-scripts">Specific scripts and daemons</a> - Scripts and |
| paul@226 | 42 daemons with a very specific task.</li> |
| al@1006 | 43 <li><a href="#inittab">/etc/inittab</a> - Configuration file init.</li> |
| paul@226 | 44 </ul> |
| paul@226 | 45 |
| paul@226 | 46 <a name="intro"></a> |
| paul@226 | 47 <h3><font color="#6c0023">SliTaz and startup</font></h3> |
| paul@226 | 48 |
| paul@226 | 49 <p> |
| paul@226 | 50 SliTaz does not use a level of execution (runlevel), the |
| paul@226 | 51 system is initialized via a primary script and its main |
| paul@226 | 52 configuration file. This script itself launches some other smaller |
| paul@226 | 53 scripts which deal with the internationalization or the |
| paul@226 | 54 commands placed for the system to start. |
| paul@226 | 55 </p> |
| paul@226 | 56 |
| paul@226 | 57 <a name="init.d"></a> |
| paul@226 | 58 <h3><font color="#6c0023">/etc/init.d/* - Directory of scripts and daemons</font></h3> |
| paul@226 | 59 <p> |
| paul@226 | 60 The directory /etc/init.d contains all of the rc scripts, |
| paul@226 | 61 scripts finishing with '.sh' are simple shell scripts and |
| paul@226 | 62 daemons such as 'dropbear' or 'lighttpd' are scripts |
| paul@226 | 63 that launch a service. The daemon scripts can start, stop or |
| paul@226 | 64 restart through the command: |
| paul@226 | 65 </p> |
| paul@226 | 66 <pre> # /etc/init.d/daemon [start|stop|restart] |
| paul@226 | 67 </pre> |
| paul@226 | 68 <p> |
| paul@226 | 69 On SliTaz you will find a /etc/init.d/README describing the |
| paul@226 | 70 basic function of rc scripts. Also note that all startup |
| paul@226 | 71 scripts and daemons can call upon the <code>/etc/init.d/rc.functions</code> |
| paul@226 | 72 file. This file makes it possible to include various functions |
| paul@226 | 73 in rc scripts. SliTaz uses a function <code>status</code> to check whether |
| paul@226 | 74 the previous command has succeeded (0) or not. |
| paul@226 | 75 </p> |
| paul@226 | 76 |
| paul@226 | 77 <a name="rcS"></a> |
| paul@226 | 78 <h3><font color="#6c0023">/etc/init.d/rcS - Primary initialization script</font></h3> |
| paul@226 | 79 <p> |
| paul@226 | 80 The <code>/etc/init.d/rcS</code> script configures all the |
| paul@226 | 81 basic services and initializes the base system. It begins by |
| paul@226 | 82 mounting the filesystems and starts services like syslogd, klogd, |
| paul@226 | 83 mdev and cleans up the system and so on. It |
| paul@226 | 84 uses the configuration file <code>/etc/rcS.conf</code> to locate which daemons |
| paul@226 | 85 and scripts to launch at startup. You can browse the script |
| paul@226 | 86 to know which commands are executed: |
| paul@226 | 87 </p> |
| paul@226 | 88 <pre> # nano rootfs/etc/init.d/rcS |
| paul@226 | 89 </pre> |
| paul@226 | 90 |
| paul@226 | 91 |
| paul@226 | 92 <a name="rc-scripts"></a> |
| paul@226 | 93 <h3><font color="#6c0023">Specific scripts and daemons</font></h3> |
| paul@226 | 94 |
| paul@226 | 95 <h4>bootopts.sh - LiveCD mode options</h4> |
| paul@226 | 96 <p> |
| paul@226 | 97 This script is used to configure the LiveCD options passed |
| paul@226 | 98 at boot time and is readable via the /proc/cmdline file. |
| paul@226 | 99 This is the script that allows you to use a USB key or |
| paul@226 | 100 external hard disk <code>/home</code> partition with the option home=usb |
| paul@226 | 101 or home=sda[1-9] or directly specify the language and |
| paul@226 | 102 keyboard parameters. |
| paul@226 | 103 </p> |
| paul@226 | 104 |
| paul@226 | 105 <h4>network.sh - Initializing the network</h4> |
| paul@226 | 106 <p> |
| paul@226 | 107 This script searches the network.sh configuration file |
| paul@226 | 108 /etc/network.conf for the network interface to use; if one wants to |
| paul@226 | 109 launch the DHCP client (or not) or if you want to use a fixed |
| paul@226 | 110 (static) IP. On SliTaz the /etc/init.d/network.sh |
| paul@226 | 111 script configures the network interfaces to start using the |
| paul@226 | 112 information contained in /etc/network.conf. If the variable |
| paul@226 | 113 $DHCP is equal to yes, then the /etc/init.d/network.sh |
| paul@226 | 114 script launches the DHCP client on the $INTERFACE interface. |
| paul@226 | 115 </p> |
| paul@226 | 116 |
| paul@226 | 117 <h4>i18n.sh - Internationalization</h4> |
| paul@226 | 118 <p> |
| paul@226 | 119 SliTaz backs up the configuration of the default locale in |
| paul@226 | 120 /etc/locale.conf which is read by /etc/profile at each |
| paul@226 | 121 login. The /etc/locale.conf is generated during boot time |
| paul@226 | 122 thanks to the /etc/i18n.sh script. This script launches the |
| paul@226 | 123 'tazlocale' application if /etc/locale.conf doesn't exist. |
| paul@226 | 124 We use the same process for the keyboard layout using 'tazkmap' |
| paul@226 | 125 and the /etc/kmap.conf configuration file. Both applications |
| paul@226 | 126 are installed and located in /sbin and use dialog and the |
| paul@226 | 127 ncurses library. The script also checks whether the |
| paul@226 | 128 configuration file for the time zone /etc/TZ exists, |
| paul@226 | 129 otherwise it creates one relying on the keyboard configuration. |
| paul@226 | 130 </p> |
| paul@226 | 131 |
| paul@226 | 132 <h4>local.sh - Local commands</h4> |
| paul@226 | 133 <p> |
| paul@226 | 134 The /etc/init.d/local.sh script allows the system administrator |
| paul@226 | 135 to add local commands to be executed at boot. Example: |
| paul@226 | 136 </p> |
| paul@226 | 137 <pre class="script">#!/bin/sh |
| paul@226 | 138 # /etc/init.d/local.sh: Local startup commands. |
| paul@226 | 139 # All commands here will be executed at boot time. |
| paul@226 | 140 # |
| paul@226 | 141 . /etc/init.d/rc.functions |
| paul@226 | 142 |
| paul@226 | 143 echo "Starting local startup commands... " |
| paul@226 | 144 |
| paul@226 | 145 </pre> |
| paul@226 | 146 |
| paul@226 | 147 <h4>rc.shutdown</h4> |
| paul@226 | 148 <p> |
| paul@226 | 149 This script is invoked by /etc/inittab during system shutdown. |
| paul@226 | 150 It also stops all daemons via the variable RUN_DAEMONS in |
| paul@226 | 151 the primary <code>/etc/rcS.conf</code> configuration file. |
| paul@226 | 152 </p> |
| paul@226 | 153 |
| paul@226 | 154 <a name="inittab"></a> |
| paul@226 | 155 <h3><font color="#6c0023">/etc/inittab - Configuration file init</font></h3> |
| paul@226 | 156 <p> |
| paul@226 | 157 The first file read by the Kernel at boot. It defines the |
| paul@226 | 158 initialization script (/etc/init.d/rcS), shells (ttys) and |
| paul@226 | 159 actions in the event of a reboot or disruption. You will find |
| pascal@844 | 160 a complete example with accompanying notes in <a href="http://doc.slitaz.org/en:cookbook:slitaztools">SliTaz tools</a>: |
| paul@226 | 161 </p> |
| paul@226 | 162 <pre class="script"># /etc/inittab: init configuration for SliTaz GNU/Linux. |
| paul@226 | 163 # Boot-time system configuration/initialization script. |
| paul@226 | 164 # |
| paul@226 | 165 ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS |
| paul@226 | 166 |
| paul@226 | 167 # /sbin/getty respawn shell invocations for selected ttys. |
| paul@226 | 168 tty1::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty1 |
| paul@226 | 169 tty2::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty2 |
| paul@226 | 170 tty3::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty3 |
| paul@226 | 171 tty4::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty4 |
| paul@226 | 172 tty5::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty5 |
| paul@226 | 173 tty6::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty6 |
| paul@226 | 174 |
| paul@226 | 175 # Stuff to do when restarting the init |
| paul@226 | 176 # process, or before rebooting. |
| paul@226 | 177 ::restart:/etc/init.d/rc.shutdown |
| paul@226 | 178 ::restart:/sbin/init |
| paul@226 | 179 ::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/reboot |
| paul@226 | 180 ::shutdown:/etc/init.d/rc.shutdown |
| paul@226 | 181 |
| paul@226 | 182 </pre> |
| paul@226 | 183 <h4>Following chapter</h4> |
| paul@226 | 184 <p> |
| paul@226 | 185 The next chapter continues on with the <a href="x-window-system.html">X window system</a>. |
| paul@226 | 186 </p> |
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