website diff en/doc/scratchbook/base-apps.html @ rev 226
en: Add scratchbook pages
| author | Paul Issott <paul@slitaz.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Tue Dec 23 14:10:23 2008 +0000 (2008-12-23) |
| parents | |
| children | 3291e51abf30 |
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1.1 --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 1.2 +++ b/en/doc/scratchbook/base-apps.html Tue Dec 23 14:10:23 2008 +0000 1.3 @@ -0,0 +1,553 @@ 1.4 +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" 1.5 + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> 1.6 +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> 1.7 +<head> 1.8 + <title>SliTaz Scratchbook - Base Applications</title> 1.9 + <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" /> 1.10 + <meta name="description" content="" /> 1.11 + <meta name="expires" content="never" /> 1.12 + <meta name="modified" content="2008-11-22 17:00:00" /> 1.13 + <meta name="publisher" content="www.slitaz.org" /> 1.14 + <meta name="author" content="Christophe Lincoln"/> 1.15 + <link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" /> 1.16 + <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="book.css" /> 1.17 +</head> 1.18 +<body bgcolor="#ffffff"> 1.19 + 1.20 +<!-- Header and quick navigation --> 1.21 +<div id="header"> 1.22 +<div align="right" id="quicknav"> 1.23 + <a name="top"></a> 1.24 + <a href="base-system.html">Base system</a> | 1.25 + <a href="index.html">Table of contents</a> | 1.26 + <a href="base-ncurses.html">Base ncurses</a> 1.27 +</div> 1.28 +<h1><font color="#3E1220">SliTaz Scratchbook</font></h1> 1.29 +</div> 1.30 + 1.31 +<!-- Content. --> 1.32 +<div id="content"> 1.33 +<div class="content-right"></div> 1.34 + 1.35 + 1.36 +<h2><font color="#df8f06">Base Applications</font></h2> 1.37 +<p> 1.38 +Install and configure libraries and basic applications. 1.39 +</p> 1.40 +<ul> 1.41 + <li><a href="#about">About the chapter</a> - Description and environmental variable ($fs)</li> 1.42 + <li><a href="#bc">bc-1.06</a> - Text mode calculator.</li> 1.43 + <li><a href="#zlib">zlib-1.2.3</a> - Compression libraries.</li> 1.44 + <li><a href="#pcre">pcre-7.4</a> - Perl-compatible regular expressions.</li> 1.45 + <li><a href="#e2fsprogs">e2fsprogs-1.39</a> - Filesystem management utilities.</li> 1.46 + <li><a href="#dropbear">dropbear-0.50</a> - Lightweight SSH server and client.</li> 1.47 + <li><a href="#lighttpd">lighttpd-1.4.18</a> - HTTP web server.</li> 1.48 + <li><a href="#iptables">iptables-1.3.7</a> - Netfilter, Linux firewall.</li> 1.49 + <li><a href="#sqlite">sqlite-3.5.1</a> - Small SQL database engine.</li> 1.50 + <li><a href="#cdrkit">cdrkit-1.1.5</a> - Tools for manipulating cdrom 1.51 + and ISO images.</li> 1.52 + <li><a href="#cpio">cpio-2.8</a> - Archiver used for SliTaz packages and 1.53 + initramfs.</li> 1.54 + <li><a href="#microperl">microperl-5.8.8</a> - A tiny Perl.</li> 1.55 + <li><a href="#module-init-tools">module-init-tools-3.2</a> - Tools for 1.56 + manipulating the kernel modules.</li> 1.57 + <li><a href="#kernel-modules">Copy and compress the Kernel modules.</a></li> 1.58 + <li><a href="#initramfs-iso">Generate the initramfs and an ISO image.</a></li> 1.59 +</ul> 1.60 +<a name="about"></a> 1.61 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">About</font></h3> 1.62 +<p> 1.63 +This chaper describes the facilities libraries and basic text applications supplied with 1.64 +SliTaz. 1.65 +</p> 1.66 +<h4>Assign an environment variable ($fs)</h4> 1.67 +<p> 1.68 +An environmental variable can't specify the path to the directory, just the name of the directory. 1.69 +We will affect a variable '$fs' to indicate the path to the root filesystem 1.70 +(rootfs). To do this, we venture into the working directory SliTaz/, and type: 1.71 +</p> 1.72 +<pre> # export fs=$PWD/rootfs 1.73 +</pre> 1.74 +<p> 1.75 +To check: 1.76 +</p> 1.77 +<pre> # echo $fs 1.78 +</pre> 1.79 +<a name="bc"></a> 1.80 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">bc-1.06 - Text mode calculator</font></h3> 1.81 +<p> 1.82 +The application bc (<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/bc/">www.gnu.org/software/bc/</a>) provides 1.83 +a small calculator. When compiling the utility, dc is also built, 1.84 +but not installed by SliTaz. Note that dc is also available with BusyBox. If you decide to copy dc, you 1.85 +need to delete the link to BusyBox (if it exists). We use a directory _pkg (package) for installation, 1.86 +use strip to clean the executables and copy the utilities: 1.87 +</p> 1.88 +<pre> # cd src 1.89 + # wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bc/bc-1.06.tar.gz 1.90 + # tar xzfv bc-1.06.tar.gz 1.91 + # cd bc-1.06 1.92 + # ./configure --prefix=/usr --infodir=/usr/share/info \ 1.93 + --mandir=/usr/share/man 1.94 + # make 1.95 + # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install 1.96 + # strip -vs _pkg/usr/bin/* 1.97 + # cp -avi _pkg/usr/bin/bc $fs/usr/bin 1.98 +</pre> 1.99 +<h4>libs</h4> 1.100 +<p> 1.101 +A small <code>ldd</code> on bc should produce: 1.102 +</p> 1.103 +<pre class="script"> libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40029000) 1.104 + /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000) 1.105 +</pre> 1.106 +<a name="zlib"></a> 1.107 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">zlib-1.2.3 - Compression libraries</font></h3> 1.108 +<p> 1.109 +The zlib (<a href="http://www.zlib.net/">http://www.zlib.net/</a>) package provides compression 1.110 +and decompression functions used by among others, the SSH server Dropbear and the X server: 1.111 +</p> 1.112 +<pre> # cd .. 1.113 + # wget http://www.gzip.org/zlib/zlib-1.2.3.tar.bz2 1.114 + # tar xjfv zlib-1.2.3.tar.bz2 1.115 + # cd zlib-1.2.3 1.116 + # ./configure --shared --prefix=/usr 1.117 + # make 1.118 + # strip -vs libz.so* 1.119 + # cp -av libz.so* $fs/usr/lib 1.120 +</pre> 1.121 +<a name="pcre"></a> 1.122 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">pcre-7.4 - Perl-compatible regular expressions</font></h3> 1.123 +<p> 1.124 +The package pcre (<a href="http://www.pcre.org/">http://www.pcre.org/</a>) provides libraries of 1.125 +functions for Perl compatible regular expressions used by among others, the web server Lighttpd: 1.126 +</p> 1.127 +<pre> # cd .. 1.128 + # wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.4.tar.gz 1.129 + # tar xzfv pcre-7.4.tar.gz 1.130 + # cd pcre-7.4 1.131 + # ./configure --prefix=/usr 1.132 + # make 1.133 + # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install 1.134 + # strip -vs _pkg/usr/bin/* 1.135 + # strip -vs _pkg/usr/lib/* 1.136 + # cp -av _pkg/usr/bin/* $fs/usr/bin 1.137 + # cp -av _pkg/usr/lib/*.so* $fs/usr/lib 1.138 +</pre> 1.139 +<a name="e2fsprogs"></a> 1.140 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">e2fsprogs-1.39 - Filesystem management utilities</font></h3> 1.141 +<p> 1.142 +The e3fsprogs (<a href="http://e2fsprogs.sourceforge.net/">http://e2fsprogs.sourceforge.net/</a>) provides 1.143 +utilities for handling ext2 and ext3 filesystems. We will not take all of them because we need the space. 1.144 +It should be noted that we use fsck of BusyBox: 1.145 +</p> 1.146 +<pre> # cd .. 1.147 + # wget http://puzzle.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs-1.39.tar.gz 1.148 + # tar xzf e2fsprogs-1.39.tar.gz 1.149 + # cd e2fsprogs-1.39 1.150 + # ./configure --prefix=/usr --with-root-prefix="" \ 1.151 + --enable-elf-shlibs --disable-evms --sysconfdir=/etc \ 1.152 + --infodir=/usr/share/info --mandir=/usr/share/man 1.153 + # make 1.154 + # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install 1.155 + # strip -vs _pkg/sbin/* 1.156 + # strip -vs _pkg/lib/* 1.157 + # strip -vs _pkg/usr/bin/* 1.158 + # strip -vs _pkg/usr/sbin/* 1.159 + # strip -vs _pkg/usr/lib/* 1.160 +</pre> 1.161 +<p> 1.162 +Install the utilities, configuration files and libraries in the rootfs of SliTaz. Be careful if you 1.163 +used fsck, that you didn't destroy the link to BusyBox: 1.164 +</p> 1.165 +<pre> # cp -i _pkg/sbin/{badblocks,blkid,dumpe2fs,e2fsck,e2image} $fs/sbin 1.166 + # cp -i _pkg/sbin/{e2label,findfs,logsave,mke2fs,mkfs.*} $fs/sbin 1.167 + # cp -i _pkg/sbin/{resize2fs,tune2fs} $fs/sbin 1.168 + # cp -a _pkg/lib/* $fs/lib 1.169 + # rm -rf $fs/lib/libss* 1.170 + # cp -a _pkg/etc/* $fs/etc 1.171 + # cp -a _pkg/usr/bin/* $fs/usr/bin 1.172 + # cp -a _pkg/usr/sbin/* $fs/usr/sbin 1.173 + # cp -ad _pkg/usr/lib/*.so $fs/usr/lib 1.174 + # rm -rf $fs/usr/lib/libss* 1.175 +</pre> 1.176 +<p> 1.177 +You can also copy files from the French locale: 1.178 +</p> 1.179 +<pre> # mkdir $fs/usr/share/locale 1.180 + # cp -a _pkg/usr/share/locale/fr $fs/usr/share/locale 1.181 +</pre> 1.182 +<a name="dropbear"></a> 1.183 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">Dropbear-0.50 - Lightweight SSH client and server</font></h3> 1.184 +<p> 1.185 +Dropbear (<a href="http://matt.ucc.asn.au/dropbear/dropbear.html">http://matt.ucc.asn.au/dropbear/dropbear.html</a>) 1.186 +is a small secure client/server supporting SSH 2. Dropbear is compatible with 1.187 +OpenSSH and uses ~/.ssh/authorized_keys for the management of public keys. Dropbear also 1.188 +provides a version of scp, which must be compiled with 'make scp': 1.189 +</p> 1.190 +<pre> # cd .. 1.191 + # wget http://matt.ucc.asn.au/dropbear/releases/dropbear-0.50.tar.gz 1.192 + # tar xzf dropbear-0.50.tar.gz 1.193 + # cd dropbear-0.50 1.194 + # ./configure --prefix=/usr 1.195 + # make 1.196 + # make scp 1.197 + # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install 1.198 + # strip -v scp 1.199 + # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/* 1.200 + # strip -v _pkg/usr/sbin/* 1.201 +</pre> 1.202 +<p> 1.203 +Install the client and tools in /usr/bin, and the server in /usr/sbin: 1.204 +</p> 1.205 +<pre> # cp scp $fs/usr/bin 1.206 + # cp -a _pkg/usr/bin/* $fs/usr/bin 1.207 + # cp -a _pkg/usr/sbin/* $fs/usr/sbin 1.208 +</pre> 1.209 +<h4>libs</h4> 1.210 +<pre class="script"> libutil.so.1 => /lib/libutil.so.1 (0x40025000) 1.211 + libz.so.1 => /usr/lib/libz.so.1 (0x40028000) 1.212 + libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/libcrypt.so.1 (0x4003b000) 1.213 + libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40068000) 1.214 + /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000) 1.215 +</pre> 1.216 +<p> 1.217 +Copy the library libutil.so.1 to $fs/lib, is this is not already the case. Other libraries 1.218 +should be present following the construction of the base system: 1.219 +</p> 1.220 +<pre> # cp -a /lib/libutil* $fs/lib 1.221 +</pre> 1.222 +<h4>Configure Dropbear</h4> 1.223 +<p> 1.224 +The user configuration files authorized_keys and known_hosts are in ~/.ssh. This directory and the 1.225 +file known_hosts are created automatically the first time the user launches dbclient. The system 1.226 +configuration files for the Dropbear server are in /etc/Dropbear: 1.227 + </p> 1.228 +<pre> # mkdir $fs/etc/dropbear 1.229 +</pre> 1.230 +<p> 1.231 +You must generate the secure keys before starting the Dropbear server on SliTaz. 1.232 +You can use dropbearkey with the following commands: 1.233 +</p> 1.234 +<pre> # dropbearkey -t rsa -f /etc/dropbear/dropbear_rsa_host_key 1.235 + # dropbearkey -t dss -f /etc/dropbear/dropbear_dss_host_key 1.236 +</pre> 1.237 +<p> 1.238 +On SliTaz, you can start the SSH server with the command: 1.239 +</p> 1.240 +<pre> # /etc/init.d/dropbear start 1.241 +</pre> 1.242 +<a name="lighttpd"></a> 1.243 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">lighttpd-1.4.18 - HTTP Web server</font></h3> 1.244 +<p> 1.245 +Lighttpd (<a href="http://www.lighttpd.net/">www.lighttpd.net</a>) is a light, secure and powerful web server. 1.246 +The project is very active and the server's configuration simple. It supports virtual hosts, CGI scripts, 1.247 +and allows intelligent management of the CPU: 1.248 +</p> 1.249 +<pre> # cd .. 1.250 + # wget http://www.lighttpd.net/download/lighttpd-1.4.18.tar.gz 1.251 + # tar xzf lighttpd-1.4.18.tar.gz 1.252 + # cd lighttpd-1.4.18 1.253 + # ./configure -enable-shared --disable-ipv6 --prefix=/usr \ 1.254 + --libdir=/usr/lib/lighttpd --mandir=/usr/share/man 1.255 + # make 1.256 + # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install 1.257 + # strip -vs _pkg/usr/bin/* 1.258 + # strip -vs _pkg/usr/sbin/* 1.259 + # strip -vs _pkg/usr/lib/lighttpd/* 1.260 +</pre> 1.261 +<p> 1.262 +Install the server and generated libraries. We will then copy some of the modules (9): 1.263 +</p> 1.264 +<pre> # cp _pkg/usr/bin/* $fs/usr/bin 1.265 + # cp _pkg/usr/sbin/* $fs/usr/sbin 1.266 + # mkdir $fs/usr/lib/lighttpd 1.267 + Modules : 1.268 + # cp _pkg/usr/lib/lighttpd/mod_access.so $fs/usr/lib/lighttpd 1.269 + # cp _pkg/usr/lib/lighttpd/mod_accesslog.so $fs/usr/lib/lighttpd 1.270 + # cp _pkg/usr/lib/lighttpd/mod_alias.so $fs/usr/lib/lighttpd 1.271 + # cp _pkg/usr/lib/lighttpd/mod_auth.so $fs/usr/lib/lighttpd 1.272 + # cp _pkg/usr/lib/lighttpd/mod_cgi.so $fs/usr/lib/lighttpd 1.273 + # cp _pkg/usr/lib/lighttpd/mod_compress.so $fs/usr/lib/lighttpd 1.274 + # cp _pkg/usr/lib/lighttpd/mod_rewrite.so $fs/usr/lib/lighttpd 1.275 + # cp _pkg/usr/lib/lighttpd/mod_status.so $fs/usr/lib/lighttpd 1.276 + # cp _pkg/usr/lib/lighttpd/mod_userdir.so $fs/usr/lib/lighttpd 1.277 +</pre> 1.278 +<h4>libs</h4> 1.279 +<p> 1.280 +There should be a libdl.so.2 library; if missing, we can copy: 1.281 +</p> 1.282 +<pre> # cp -a /lib/libdl* $fs/lib 1.283 +</pre> 1.284 +<h4>/var/www - root of documents served</h4> 1.285 +<p> 1.286 +/var/www is the root directory of documents served by default. You can access this via the url http://localhost/. 1.287 +This directory contains an <code>index.html</code> automatically displayed by a query. 1.288 +We will create the directory /var/www, to see what's placed inside: 1.289 +</p> 1.290 +<pre> # mkdir -p $fs/var/www 1.291 +</pre> 1.292 +<h4>lighttpd.conf - Lighttpd configuration file</h4> 1.293 +<p> 1.294 +The Lighttpd main configuration file is located at /etc/lighttpd and is called lighttpd.conf. 1.295 +The configuration file SliTaz provides is self-explanatary, just browse. You can find other examples on the 1.296 +Lighttpd website and as well as a example configuration in /doc in the Lighttpd archive: 1.297 +</p> 1.298 +<pre> # cp -a ../slitaz-tools-1.1/etc/lighttpd $fs/etc 1.299 +</pre> 1.300 +<p> 1.301 +Creating the directory containing the log files: 1.302 +</p> 1.303 +<pre> # mkdir $fs/var/log/lighttpd 1.304 +</pre> 1.305 +<h4>User and group www</h4> 1.306 +<p> 1.307 +We will add a user and a group for the web server, it adds security and there is no reason for it to be run a root. 1.308 +The default user on SliTaz is 'www', but you can change this in the configuration file lighttpd.conf. 1.309 +The BusyBox application adduser has some limitations, so we add user 'www' manually. We also change permissions on 1.310 +the directory of web server logs: 1.311 +</p> 1.312 +<pre> # echo "www:x:80:80:www:/var/www:/bin/sh" >> $fs/etc/passwd 1.313 + # echo "www:*:13509:0:99999:7:::" >> $fs/etc/shadow 1.314 + # echo "www:*:13509:0:99999:7:::" >> $fs/etc/shadow- 1.315 + # chroot $fs /bin/ash 1.316 + /# addgroup -g 80 www 1.317 + /# chown www.www /var/log/lighttpd 1.318 + # exit 1.319 +</pre> 1.320 +<p> 1.321 +To start the web server, you can use script /etc/init.d/lighttpd provided by SliTaz tools, by typing: 1.322 +<code>/etc/init.d/lighttpd start</code>. You can also automate its 1.323 +launch at boot with a link /etc/init.d/lighttpd pointing to /etc/rc.d/60lighttpd. 1.324 +</p> 1.325 +<a name="iptables"></a> 1.326 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">iptables-1.3.7 - Netfilter, Linux firewall</font></h3> 1.327 +<p> 1.328 +Netfilter (<a href="http://www.netfilter.org/">www.netfilter.org</a>) is the module which provides the Linux 1.329 +kernel firewall functions, shared internet connections (NAT) and the archiving of network traffic. 1.330 +The iptables command allows you to configure Netfilter using iptables-restore 1.331 +and iptable-save, to save and restore the Netfilter configuration: 1.332 +</p> 1.333 +<pre> # cd .. 1.334 + # wget http://www.netfilter.org/projects/iptables/files/iptables-1.3.7.tar.bz2 1.335 + # tar xjf iptables-1.3.7.tar.bz2 1.336 + # cd iptables-1.3.7 1.337 + # make KERNEL_DIR=../linux-2.6.20 BINDIR=/sbin \ 1.338 + LIBDIR=/lib MANDIR=/usr/share/man 1.339 + # make KERNEL_DIR=../linux-2.6.20 BINDIR=/sbin \ 1.340 + LIBDIR=/lib MANDIR=/usr/share/man \ 1.341 + DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install 1.342 + # strip _pkg/sbin/* 1.343 + # strip _pkg/lib/iptables/* 1.344 +</pre> 1.345 +<p> 1.346 +Installing the iptables* applications and libraries sufficient for a basic firewall: 1.347 +</p> 1.348 +<pre> # cp -a _pkg/sbin/iptables* $fs/sbin 1.349 + # mkdir $fs/lib/iptables 1.350 + # cp -a _pkg/lib/iptables/{libipt_standard.so,libipt_conntrack.so} \ 1.351 + $fs/lib/iptables 1.352 + # cp -a _pkg/lib/iptables/{libipt_tcp.so,libipt_udp.so} $fs/lib/iptables 1.353 +</pre> 1.354 +<p> 1.355 +To satisfy the iptables dependencies, you must copy the libnsl* library: 1.356 +</p> 1.357 +<pre> # cp -va /lib/libnsl* $fs/lib/tls 1.358 + # strip $fs/lib/libnsl* 1.359 +</pre> 1.360 +<a name="sqlite"></a> 1.361 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">sqlite-3.5.1 - Small SQL database engine</font></h3> 1.362 +<p> 1.363 +This package provides sqlite3 (<a href="http://www.sqlite.org/">www.sqlite.org</a>) and sqlite3.so* 1.364 +libraries. SQLite is fast and efficient and integrates directly to programs using database files: 1.365 +</p> 1.366 +<pre> # cd .. 1.367 + # wget http://www.sqlite.org/sqlite-3.5.1.tar.gz 1.368 + # tar xzf sqlite-3.5.1.tar.gz 1.369 + # cd sqlite-3.5.1 1.370 + # ./configure --prefix=/usr --disable-tcl 1.371 + # make 1.372 + # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install 1.373 + # strip _pkg/usr/lib/*.so* 1.374 + # strip _pkg/usr/bin/* 1.375 +</pre> 1.376 +<p> 1.377 +Installing the sqlite3 utility and libraries in the rootfs of SliTaz: 1.378 +</p> 1.379 +<pre> # cp -a _pkg/usr/lib/*.so* $fs/usr/lib 1.380 + # cp -a _pkg/usr/bin/* $fs/usr/bin 1.381 +</pre> 1.382 +<a name="cdrkit"></a> 1.383 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">cdrkit-1.1.5 - Tools for manipulating cdrom and ISO images</font></h3> 1.384 +<p> 1.385 +cdrkit (<a href="http://www.cdrkit.org/">www.cdrkit.org</a>) provides tools for manipulating cdroms. 1.386 +SliTaz installs by default wodim for burning and genisoimage to create an ISO image. 1.387 +The compilation is a bit different (cmake), but shouldn't pose any problems: 1.388 +</p> 1.389 +<pre> # cd .. 1.390 + # wget http://cdrkit.org/releases/cdrkit-1.1.5.tar.gz 1.391 + # tar xzf cdrkit-1.1.5.tar.gz 1.392 + # cd cdrkit-1.1.5 1.393 + # make 1.394 + # make install PREFIX=$PWD/_pkg/usr 1.395 + # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/* 1.396 + # strip -v _pkg/usr/sbin/* 1.397 + # cp _pkg/usr/bin/genisoimage $fs/usr/bin 1.398 + # cp _pkg/usr/bin/wodim $fs/usr/bin 1.399 +</pre> 1.400 +<p> 1.401 +Copy the library libcap.so.1 required by wodim: 1.402 +</p> 1.403 +<pre> # cp -a /lib/libcap.so* $fs/lib 1.404 +</pre> 1.405 +<a name="cpio"></a> 1.406 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">cpio-2.8 - Archiver</font></h3> 1.407 +<p> 1.408 +<code>cpio</code> (<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/cpio/">http://www.gnu.org/software/cpio/</a>) provides tools for 1.409 +manipulating cpio archives. The archive format is used for packages and the SliTaz initramfs image of the cdrom. 1.410 +Note that BusyBox provides a version of cpio that only unpacks archives: 1.411 +</p> 1.412 +<pre> # cd .. 1.413 + # wget ftp://sunsite.cnlab-switch.ch/mirror/gnu/cpio/cpio-2.8.tar.gz 1.414 + # tar xzf cpio-2.8.tar.gz 1.415 + # cd cpio-2.8 1.416 + # ./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin \ 1.417 + --libexecdir=/usr/bin --mandir=/usr/share/man \ 1.418 + --infodir=/usr/share/info 1.419 + # make 1.420 + # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install 1.421 + # strip -v _pkg/bin/* 1.422 + # strip -v _pkg/usr/bin/* 1.423 +</pre> 1.424 +<p> 1.425 +Installing <code>cpio</code> in /bin and <code>rmt</code> in /usr/bin. You can also install the French locale files: 1.426 +</p> 1.427 +<pre> # cp -a _pkg/bin/* $fs/bin 1.428 + # cp -a _pkg/usr/bin/* $fs/usr/bin 1.429 + # cp -a _pkg/usr/share/locale/fr $fs/usr/share/locale 1.430 +</pre> 1.431 +<a name="microperl"></a> 1.432 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">microperl-5.8.8 - A tiny Perl</font></h3> 1.433 +<p> 1.434 +Microperl is a tiny implementation of Perl using the most basic functions of the language. 1.435 +You can find more info in the source archive and the file <code>README.micro</code>. 1.436 +We use a small <code>sed</code> on the configuration file that searches for microperl modules 1.437 +in /usr/lib/perl5. We also create a link to the #! /usr/bin/perl script: 1.438 +</p> 1.439 +<pre> # wget http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/CPAN/src/perl-5.8.8.tar.gz 1.440 + # tar xzf perl-5.8.8.tar.gz 1.441 + # cd perl-5.8.8 1.442 + # sed -i s/'usr\/local'/'usr'/ uconfig.sh 1.443 + # sed -i s/'perl5\/5.9'/'perl5'/ uconfig.sh 1.444 + # sed -i s/'unknown'/'i486-pc-linux-gnu'/ uconfig.sh 1.445 + # make -f Makefile.micro regen_uconfig 1.446 + # make -f Makefile.micro 1.447 + # strip microperl 1.448 + # cp microperl $fs/usr/bin 1.449 + # chroot $fs /bin/ash 1.450 + /# cd /usr/bin 1.451 + /# ln -s microperl perl 1.452 + /# exit 1.453 +</pre> 1.454 +<a name="module-init-tools"></a> 1.455 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">module-init-tools-3.2 - Utilities for manipulating kernel modules</font></h3> 1.456 +<p> 1.457 +The <a href="http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/module-init-tools/">module-init-tools</a> 1.458 +from kernel.org: modprobe, insmod, rmmod and lsmod. We have chosen to use these because we can compile 1.459 +modutils/modprobe to support compressed (.gz) modules to save space. To do this we use the option 1.460 +--enable-zlib, we then clean and copy the binaries. We do not take everything that has been created, 1.461 +only what we need: depmod, insmod, modinfo, modprobe and rmmod in /sbin and lsmod in /bin: 1.462 +</p> 1.463 +<pre> # cd .. 1.464 + # wget http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/module-init-tools/module-init-tools-3.2.tar.bz2 1.465 + # tar xjf module-init-tools-3.2.tar.bz2 1.466 + # cd module-init-tools-3.2 1.467 + # ./configure --enable-zlib --prefix=/usr --sbindir=/sbin --bindir=/bin \ 1.468 + --sysconfdir=/etc --infodir=/usr/share/info --mandir=/usr/share/man 1.469 + # make 1.470 + # make DESTDIR=$PWD/_pkg install 1.471 + # strip -v _pkg/sbin/{depmod,insmod,modinfo,modprobe,rmmod} 1.472 + # strip -v _pkg/bin/lsmod 1.473 + # cp -i _pkg/sbin/{depmod,insmod,modinfo,modprobe,rmmod} $fs/sbin 1.474 + # cp -i _pkg/bin/lsmod $fs/bin 1.475 + # cd .. 1.476 +</pre> 1.477 +<a name="kernel-modules"></a> 1.478 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">Copy kernel modules</font></h3> 1.479 +<p> 1.480 +Copy files from linux-2.6.20/_pkg: 1.481 +</p> 1.482 +<pre> # cp -a linux-2.6.20/_pkg/lib/* $fs/lib 1.483 +</pre> 1.484 +<h4>Compress kernel modules</h4> 1.485 +<p> 1.486 +Compress modules, this step will us gain back around 50% of available space. 1.487 +We begin by moving into the rootfs, then we search for all files with the 1.488 +<code>.ko</code> extension, and compress them. You 1.489 +can also do this with the 'gzmodtaz.sh' script found in SliTaz tools: 1.490 +</p> 1.491 +<pre> # cd $fs 1.492 +</pre> 1.493 +<p> 1.494 +With 'gztazmod.sh': 1.495 +</p> 1.496 +<pre> # cp -v ../src/slitaz-tools-1.1/utils/gztazmod.sh sbin 1.497 + # ./sbin/gztazmod.sh lib/modules/2.6.20-slitaz 1.498 +</pre> 1.499 +<p> 1.500 +Or by hand: 1.501 +</p> 1.502 +<pre> # cd lib/modules/2.6.20-slitaz 1.503 + # find . -name "*.ko" -exec gzip '{}' \; 1.504 + # sed 's/\.ko/.ko.gz/g' modules.dep > tmp.dep 1.505 + # rm modules.dep 1.506 + # mv tmp.dep modules.dep 1.507 +</pre> 1.508 +<a name="initramfs-iso"></a> 1.509 +<h3><font color="#6c0023">Generate the initramfs and an ISO image</font></h3> 1.510 +<p> 1.511 +To create a new ISO image, you can use 'mktaziso' in 1.512 +<a href="http://www.slitaz.org/en/doc/cookbook/slitaz-tools.html">SliTaz tools</a>. 1.513 +Or you can create a new initramfs image, copy it to /boot in the root of the cdrom 1.514 +(rootcd) and finally generate an ISO image with genisoimage: 1.515 +</p> 1.516 +<pre> # cd $fs 1.517 + # find . -print | cpio -o -H newc | gzip -9 > ../rootfs.gz 1.518 + # cd .. 1.519 + # cp rootfs.gz rootcd/boot 1.520 + # genisoimage -R -o slitaz-test.iso -b boot/isolinux/isolinux.bin \ 1.521 + -c boot/isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \ 1.522 + -V "SliTaz" -input-charset iso8859-1 -boot-info-table rootcd 1.523 +</pre> 1.524 +<p> 1.525 +Test iso image: 1.526 +</p> 1.527 +<pre> # qemu -cdrom slitaz-test.iso 1.528 +</pre> 1.529 + 1.530 +<h4>Following chapter</h4> 1.531 +<p> 1.532 +The next chapter is called <a href="base-ncurses.html">Base Ncurses</a>. It 1.533 +covers the installation and configuration of the ncurses libraries and 1.534 +applications. 1.535 +</p> 1.536 + 1.537 +<!-- End of content --> 1.538 +</div> 1.539 + 1.540 +<!-- Footer. --> 1.541 +<div id="footer"> 1.542 + <div class="footer-right"></div> 1.543 + <a href="#top">Top of the page</a> | 1.544 + <a href="index.html">Table of contents</a> 1.545 +</div> 1.546 + 1.547 +<div id="copy"> 1.548 + Copyright © 2008 <a href="http://www.slitaz.org/en/">SliTaz</a> - 1.549 + <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</a>;<br /> 1.550 + Documentation is under 1.551 + <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a> 1.552 + and code is <a href="http://validator.w3.org/">valid xHTML 1.0</a>. 1.553 +</div> 1.554 + 1.555 +</body> 1.556 +</html>